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Python | 自动登录路由器，获取所有信息
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用 Python 自动登录TP-LINK路由器，获取信息，重启等操作。
1、 做任何操作，首先得登录到路由器
界面上面默认只有一个“密码”输入框，这里随便输入一个123密码发现，TP-LINK提交后的密码为加密后的，分析js就可以看到加密方法（下面会附上代码），再把加密后的密码提交就搞定啦。
路由器登录post信息截图（TP-LINK关掉了页面右键功能，可以手动打开浏览器的开发者工具，网络部分查看）：
附上 Python 实现登录的方法
#!/usr/bin/env python# -*- coding:utf8 -*-'''
Author : mafei
Date : 18/1/20
'''import requests
import json# 加密提交后的密码，可以把自己的密码提交到这个方法，再跟TP-LINK页面中实际提交的密码值做比对def encrypt_pwd(password):
input1 = "RDpbLfCPsJZ7fiv"
input3 = "yLwVl0zKqws7LgKPRQ84Mdt708T1qQ3Ha7xv3H7NyU84p21BriUWBU43odz3iP4rBL3cD02KZciXTysVXiV8ngg6vL48rPJyAUw0HurW20xqxv9aYb4M9wK1Ae0wlro510qXeU07kV57fQMc8L6aLgMLwygtc0F10a0Dg70TOoouyFhdysuRMO51yY5ZlOZZLEal1h0t9YQW0Ko7oBwmCAHoic4HYbUyVeU3sfQ1xtXcPcf1aT303wAQhv66qzW"
len1 = len(input1)
len2 = len(password)
dictionary = input3
lenDict = len(dictionary)
output = ''
if len1 > len2: length = len1 else: length = len2 index = 0
while index < length: # 十六进制数 0xBB 的十进制为 187
cl = 187
cr = 187
if index >= len1: # ord() 函数返回字符的整数表示
cr = ord(password[index])
elif index >= len2:
cl = ord(input1[index]) else:
cl = ord(input1[index])
cr = ord(password[index]) index += 1
# chr() 函数返回整数对应的字符
output = output + chr(ord(dictionary[cl ^ cr]) % lenDict) return output# 提交登录请求的方法def login(password=''):
encrypt_password = encrypt_pwd(password)
url = 'http://192.168.1.1/'
headers = {'Content-Type': 'application/json; charset=UTF-8'}
payload = '{"method":"do","login":{"password":"%s"}}' % encrypt_password
response = requests.post(url, data=payload, headers=headers)
response_body = json.loads(response.text) return response_bodyif __name__ == '__main__': print(login(password='xxx')) # 返回的数据样例，error_code为0表示登录成功，stok是动态生成的key {u'error_code': 0, u'stok': u'xxx'}2、获取登录之后的设备信息
先观察规律会发现，每次TP-LINK提交到后台的URL中都有一个stok的变量，是TP-LINK生成的动态key，每次登陆都会重新生成一个，这个stok在上一步登陆之后我们已经获取到了，后面就直接提交相应的json请求就可以了，到此已经已经全部搞定。
def get_all_host(password):
stok = login(password).get('stok')
payload = '{"hosts_info":{"table":"host_info"},"method":"get"}'
headers = {'Content-Type': 'application/json; charset=UTF-8'}
url = '%sstok=%s/ds' % ('http://192.168.1.1/', stok)
response = requests.post(url, data=payload, headers=headers)
return response.text
if __name__ == '__main__':
print(get_all_host(password='xxx')) 返回的样例数据 { "hosts_info": { "host_info": [ { "host_info_1": { "mac": "4c-32-75-29-5a-f3", "type": "1", "blocked": "0", "ip": "192.168.1.104", "hostname": "mafeiMBP", "up_speed": "3487", "down_speed": "5733", "up_limit": "0", "down_limit": "0", "cfg_valid": "0", "is_cur_host": "1", "ssid": "", "wifi_mode": "0", "plan_rule": [ ] } }, { "host_info_4": { "mac": "48-d2-24-ed-51-a4", "type": "1", "blocked": "0", "ip": "192.168.1.103", "hostname": "Lenovo%2DPC", "up_speed": "5733", "down_speed": "1975", "up_limit": "0", "down_limit": "0", "cfg_valid": "0", "is_cur_host": "0", "ssid": "", "wifi_mode": "0", "plan_rule": [ ] } }, { "host_info_2": { "mac": "90-8d-6c-0a-a6-8d", "type": "1", "blocked": "0", "ip": "192.168.1.101", "hostname": "iPad%2D2", "up_speed": "0", "down_speed": "0", "up_limit": "0", "down_limit": "0", "cfg_valid": "0", "is_cur_host": "0", "ssid": "", "wifi_mode": "0", "plan_rule": [ ] } } ] }, "error_code": 0 }这里附上完整源代码
#!/usr/bin/env python# -*- coding:utf8 -*-'''
Author : mafei
Date : 18/1/20
'''import requestsimport jsonclass LoginTpLink(object):
def __init__(self):
self.password = 'xxx'
self.stok = self.login(self.password) # 初始化类的时候就自动登录，获取到stok(动态key)
# 加密密码的方法
def encrypt_pwd(self, password):
input1 = "RDpbLfCPsJZ7fiv"
input3 = "yLwVl0zKqws7LgKPRQ84Mdt708T1qQ3Ha7xv3H7NyU84p21BriUWBU43odz3iP4rBL3cD02KZciXTysVXiV8ngg6vL48rPJyAUw0HurW20xqxv9aYb4M9wK1Ae0wlro510qXeU07kV57fQMc8L6aLgMLwygtc0F10a0Dg70TOoouyFhdysuRMO51yY5ZlOZZLEal1h0t9YQW0Ko7oBwmCAHoic4HYbUyVeU3sfQ1xtXcPcf1aT303wAQhv66qzW"
len1 = len(input1)
len2 = len(password)
dictionary = input3
lenDict = len(dictionary)
output = ''
if len1 > len2:
length = len1 else:
length = len2
index = 0
while index < length: # 十六进制数 0xBB 的十进制为 187
cl = 187
cr = 187
if index >= len1: # ord() 函数返回字符的整数表示
cr = ord(password[index]) elif index >= len2:
cl = ord(input1[index]) else:
cl = ord(input1[index])
cr = ord(password[index])
index += 1
# chr() 函数返回整数对应的字符
output = output + chr(ord(dictionary[cl ^ cr]) % lenDict) return output # 登录方法
def login(self, password=''):
encryptPwd = self.encrypt_pwd(password)
url = 'http://192.168.1.1/'
headers = {'Content-Type': 'application/json; charset=UTF-8'}
payload = '{"method":"do","login":{"password":"%s"}}' % encryptPwd
response = requests.post(url, data=payload, headers=headers)
stok = json.loads(response.text)['stok'] return stok # 获取所有主机信息的方法
def all_host_info(self):
payload = '{"hosts_info":{"table":"host_info"},"method":"get"}'
response = self.post_tp_link(payload) return response.text # 重启路由器的方法
def reboot(self):
payload = '{"system":{"reboot":null},"method":"do"}'
response = self.post_tp_link(payload) return response.text # 为了通用，封装的post方法
def post_tp_link(self, payload):
headers = {'Content-Type': 'application/json; charset=UTF-8'}
url = '%sstok=%s/ds' % ('http://192.168.1.1/', self.stok)
response = requests.post(url, data=payload, headers=headers) return responseif __name__ == '__main__':
login_tp_link = LoginTpLink()
result = login_tp_link.reboot() import pprint
pprint.pprint(json.loads(result))【推荐书籍】