为什么那些比你优秀的人比你更努力
重新发这篇文章，一起共勉。
前几天和大家分享了Mindset一书中提到的 the Aha Moment, 今天继续摘抄一些书中的内容分享给你 -- 希望你可以在读完之后找到“为什么那些比你优秀的人比你更努力”的可能答案
作者提到了两种不同mindset对待成功的不同态度.
Fixed mindset: 以John McEnroe为例
“everything was about you… ‘Did you get everything you need? Is everything okay? We’ll pay you this, we’ll do that, we’ll kiss your behind.’ You only have to do what you want; your reaction to anything else is, ‘Get the hell out of here.’ For a long time I didn’t mind it a bit. Would you?”
If you’re successful, you’re better than other people. You get to abuse them and have them grovel. In the fixed mindset, this is what can pass for self-esteem.
对于一些人来说成功就意味着 “有钱就是大爷” “我就是比你强啊我有钱啊瞧瞧你个屌丝样子吧”，自己可以为所欲为，甚至可以不尊重他人 -- “土豪”就是这么来的吧, 我们一方面羡慕这些人通过各种渠道致富，一方面又鄙夷他们的品味低和没有社会责任感。
前美国驻华大使骆家辉有一张曾在坊间引起热议的照片: 他背着双肩包领着孩子在星巴克买咖啡，据说他还使用了优惠券。后来他和妻子在接受《鲁豫有约》访问的时候也提到了这些，他说他做的都是经济舱，都是自己来抬行李，他说这一切都是再正常不过。
Growth mindset: 以Michael Jordan为例
As a contrast, let’s look at Michael Jordan—growth-minded athlete par excellence—whose greatness is regularly proclaimed by the world: “Superman,” “God in person,” “Jesus in tennis shoes.” If anyone has reason to think of himself as special, it’s he. But here’s what he said when his return to basketball caused a huge commotion: “I was shocked with the level of intensity my coming back to the game created… . People were praising me like I was a religious cult or something. That was very embarrassing. I’m a human being like everyone else.”
Jordan knew how hard he had worked to develop his abilities. He was a person who had struggled and grown, not a person who was inherently better than others.
当我们都称乔丹为”神“的时候，我们看到的是那个空中飞人，是一场场精彩的比赛; 只有他自己知道他付出了多少的努力。
Carol Dweck从”努力“的角度解读了「龟兔赛跑」的故事：
As children, we were given a choice between the talented but erratic hare and the plodding but steady tortoise. The lesson was supposed to be that slow and steady wins the race. But, really, did any of us ever want to be the tortoise?
我们喜欢看”屌丝逆袭“的故事，但是我们真的想成为屌丝么？
No, we just wanted to be a less foolish hare. We wanted to be swift as the wind and a bit more strategic—say, not taking quite so many snoozes before the finish line. After all, everyone knows you have to show up in order to win.
The story of the tortoise and the hare, in trying to put forward the power of effort, gave effort a bad name. It reinforced the image that effort is for the plodders and suggested that in rare instances, when talented people dropped the ball, the plodder could sneak through.
这让我想到了跑男中的王祖蓝 -- 「捡漏王」:)
The little engine that could, the saggy, baggy elephant, and the scruffy tugboat—they were cute, they were often overmatched, and we were happy for them when they succeeded. In fact, to this day I remember how fond I was of those little creatures (or machines), but no way did I identify with them.The message was: If you’re unfortunate enough to be the runt of the litter—if you lack endowment—you don’t have to be an utter failure. You can be a sweet, adorable little slogger, and maybe (if you really work at it and withstand all the scornful onlookers) even a success.
“愚公移山” “野百合也有春天”
Thank you very much, I’ll take the endowment.
The problem was that these stories made it into an either–or. Either you have ability or you expend effort. And this is part of the fixed mindset. Effort is for those who don’t have the ability. People with the fixed mindset tell us, “If you have to work at something, you must not be good at it.” They add, “Things come easily to people who are true geniuses.”
漫画里的情景我们并不陌生
我一直记得初中班主任对我们说的一句话:不要做一个羡慕别人的人，要做一个让人羡慕的人。别人让你羡慕是因为别人付出了比你更多的努力，承受了更多的责任。
我们开始习惯把自己羡慕的人称为“大神”，暗含着一种”哇，好厉害 ”哎，我做不到“的意味。有一位朋友对我说: “原来你看《经济学人》也是要查字典的啊” — 我当然需要查字典，而且我相信无论你的水平多么高，查字典查资料查工具书都是必须的。只不过有些人可能会查的侧重点不一样，而且查起来的时候可以更快速、更准确一些。
Stay hungry, stay foolish. 越是接触更多的知识、思想，越觉得自己是无知的，“真理无求” “路漫漫其修远兮”说的就是这个道理吧。所以上进的人会变得更加诚实的看待自己的优点和缺点，并且把不足当成进步的动力 — To err is human.
I was a young assistant professor in the psychology department at the University of Illinois. Late one night, I was passing the psychology building and noticed that the lights were on in some faculty offices. Some of my colleagues were working late. They must not be as smart as I am, I thought to myself.
It never occurred to me that they might be just as smart and more hardworking! For me it was either–or. And it was clear I valued the either over the or.
Malcolm Gladwell, the author and New Yorker writer, has suggested that as a society we value natural, effortless accomplishment over achievement through effort. We endow our heroes with superhuman abilities that led them inevitably toward their greatness. It’s as if Midori popped out of the womb fiddling, Michael Jordan dribbling, and Picasso doodling. This captures the fixed mindset perfectly. And it’s everywhere.
A report from researchers at Duke University sounds an alarm about the anxiety and depression among female undergraduates who aspire to “effortless perfection.” They believe they should display perfect beauty, perfect womanhood, and perfect scholarship all without trying (or at least without appearing to try).
Americans aren’t the only people who disdain effort. French executive Pierre Chevalier says, “We are not a nation of effort. After all, if you have savoir-faire [a mixture of know-how and cool], you do things effortlessly.”
People with the growth mindset, however, believe something very different. For them, even geniuses have to work hard for their achievements. And what’s so heroic, they would say, about having a gift? They may appreciate endowment, but they admire effort, for no matter what your ability is, effort is what ignites that ability and turns it into accomplishment.
这段摘录让我想到了樱木花道 -- 我们羡慕他的天赋异禀，然而更被打动的是他的执着和坚持不懈。
Man up!