本系列笔记由「才思汇·啃报告小分队」出品，特别感谢小伙伴@朱贺 和 @V T M _萌 的整理。

四是深入实施创新驱动发展战略， 

Fourth, we continued to implement the innovation-driven development strategy

注：

创新驱动发展战略

the strategy of innovation-driven development

深入实施

We continue to implement ...

还可以表达为further progress was made in.../ we will do more to implement.../ deepen efforts to boost development in ...

创新能力和效率进一步提升。

and further increased innovation capacity and performance.

注：

创新能力和效率

innovation capacity and performance

创新效率是指创新行为的投入产出比，也可表达为innovation efficiency (摘自MBA智库）

进一步提升

further increase/ further improve/ continued advances were made in ...

大力优化创新生态，调动各类创新主体积极性。

We greatly improved the innovation ecosystem to keep innovators of all kinds fully motivated.

注：

创新生态

innovation ecosystem

大力优化

greatly improve/ make big moves to improve ...

大力做...

great efforts have been made in .../ boost efforts to do sth

创新主体

innovator

调动...积极性

keep ... fully motivated

深化科技管理体制改革，

The reform of the management system for science and technology was deepened,

注：

科技管理体制改革（简称科技体制改革）

The reform of management system for science and technology

深化改革

deepen reform of ...

推进关键核心技术攻关，

steps were taken to achieve breakthroughs in core technologies for key fields,

注：

核心技术攻关

breakthrough in core technologies

breakthrough是突破，突围，此处“攻关核心技术”中的攻关这个动词转化为名词breakthrough。也可以用make progress in core technologies

取得突破性进展

breakthroughs were made in .../ we achieve great breakthroughs in ...

攻关/闯过关口：get the job done

加强重大科技基础设施、科技创新中心等建设。

and the building of major science and technology infrastructure and innovation centers was stepped up.

注：

加强

step up，还可以表达为：gain strength/ gain momentum/ intensify

重大科技基础设施

major science and technology infrastructure

强化企业技术创新主体地位，

We strengthened the principal position of enterprises in technological innovation,

注：

主体地位

the principal position 

技术创新

technological innovation

将提高研发费用加计扣除比例政策扩大至所有企业。

and extended the policy on raising the proportion of additional tax-deductible R&D costs to cover all enterprises.

注：

研发费用加计扣除比例政策

the policy on raising the proportion of additional tax-deductible R&D costs

加计扣除是指按照税法规定，在实际发生数额的基础上，再加成一定比例，作为计算应纳税所得额时的扣除数额的一种税收优惠措施。

研发费用

R＆D costs/ Research and Development costs

· deductible表示“可扣除的；可减免的”（If a payment or expense is deductible, it can be deducted from another sum such as your income）

制定支持双创深入发展的政策措施。

We developed policies and measures to support innovation and business startups.

注：

双创（创业和创新）

innovation and business startups

或表达为：the entire business startup and innovation process

技术合同成交额增长30%以上。

The volume of contracted technology transactions grew by over 30 percent.

注：

技术合同成交额

the volume of contracted technology transactions

增长

grow/ increse by

下降

cut/ reduce by

五是加大改革开放力度，发展动力继续增强。

Fifth, we intensified reform and opening up and continued to strengthen the momentum of development.

注：

加大改革开放力度

intensify reform and opening up

力度不需译出，中文表达中的虚词。

· momentum表示“动量，势头”（the ability to keep increasing, developing, or being more successful）

同义词：impetus

增强/减弱/保持势头

gain/lose/maintain momentum

深化国资国企改革，

We deepened reforms of state capital and state-owned enterprises (SOEs)

注：

国资

state capital

国有资产

state-owned property

国企

state-owned enterprises (SOEs)

私企/民营企业

private enterprises

混合所有制

mixed ownership systems/ mixed ownership structures

国有企业优化重组、提质增效取得新进展。

and made new gains in upgrading and restructuring SOEs and in improving their quality and performance.

注：

优化重组

upgrade and restructure

提质增效

improve the quality and performance

针对民营企业发展遇到的困难和问题，千方百计帮助解忧纾困。

In addressing difficulties and issues encountered by private enterprises, we used every feasible means to help them overcome problems and concerns.

注：

address: 此处做动词处理，表示“对付，解决”，同deal with/ handle

民营企业

private enterprises

千方百计

use every feasible means

也可表达为：make dedicated efforts to do ...

解忧纾困：overcome problems and concerns

也可表达为：overcome any difficulty or hardship

推进财税体制改革，

We advanced the reform of the fiscal and tax systems,

注：

财税体制

the fiscal and tax systems

财税体制是指政府以税收作为财政来源以实现政府职能的相关举措和制度。

预算绩效管理改革全面启动。

and launched performance-based budget management reform across the country.

注：

预算绩效管理

performance-based budget management

全面启动

launch ... across the country/ across the board/ overall/ in all fields

改革金融监管体制，完善利率、汇率市场化形成机制。

We reformed the financial regulatory system and improved the mechanisms through which interest rates and exchange rates are set by the market.

注：

金融监管体制

the financial regulatory system

利率

interest rates

汇率

exchange rates

“市场化”还可以表达为：market-oriented（市场为导向的）

农业农村、社会事业、生态环保等领域改革不断深化。

Steady progress was made in reforms related to agriculture, rural affairs, social programs, and environmental protection.

注：

社会事业

social programs

生态环保

environmental protection

推出对外开放一系列重大举措。

In opening up, we introduced a series of major moves.

注：

一系列重大举措

a series of major moves 还可以用a number of ...

共建“一带一路”引领效应持续释放，

Joint efforts to pursue the Belt and Road Initiative are producing a pace-setting effect,

注：

一带一路

the Belt and Road Initiative

效应持续释放

produce a pace-setting effect

同沿线国家的合作机制不断健全，

cooperation mechanisms for countries along its routes are steadily improving,

注：

沿线国家

countries along its routes

近邻

next-door neighbors

经贸合作和人文交流加快推进。

and economic cooperation, trade, and cultural and people-to-people exchanges under the Initiative have gathered momentum.

注：

人文交流

cultural and people-to-people exchanges

出台稳外贸政策，

We launched policies to ensure steady growth in foreign trade,

注：

出台政策

launch policies

外贸

foreign trade

货物通关时间压缩一半以上。

and cut the time needed for customs clearance by more than half.

注：

货物通关

customs clearance

压缩时间/减少时间

cut the time

下调部分商品进口关税，

Import tariffs on some goods were lowered,

注：

进口关税

import tariffs

出口关税

export tariffs

关税总水平由9.8%降至7.5%。

and the overall tariff level was reduced from 9.8 to 7 .5 percent.

注：

关税总水平

the overall tariff level

新设一批跨境电商综合试验区。

A number of new integrated pilot zones for cross-border e-commerce were established.

注：

跨境电商

cross-border e-commerce

综合试验区

integrated pilot zones

复制推广自贸试验区改革经验。

Reform measures proven to work in pilot free trade zones were replicated and applied elsewhere.

注：

自贸试验区

pilot free trade zones

复制推广

replicate and apply

大幅压缩外资准入负面清单，

We shortened significantly the negative list for foreign investment,

注：

外资准入负面清单

the negative list for foreign investment

“负面清单管理模式”是指政府规定哪些经济领域不开放，除了清单上的禁区，其他行业、领域和经济活动都许可。凡是与外资的国民待遇、最惠国待遇不符的管理措施，或业绩要求、高管要求等方面的管理措施均以清单方式列明。这是负面清单管理模式在外商投资领域的运用。（百度百科）

扩大金融、汽车等行业开放，

opened up sectors like finance and automobiles wider to foreign competition,

一批重大外资项目落地，

and sped up the implementation of a number of major foreign investment projects.

注：

落地

speed up the implementation

也可译为：sth was launched

如合作项目落地：cooperation projects were launched

新设外资企业增长近70% 。

The number of new foreign enterprises grew by nearly 70 percent.

注：

新设外资企业

new foreign enterprises

六是统筹城乡区域发展，良性互动格局加快形成。

Sixth, we pursued balanced development across rural and urban areas and regions and sped up the formation of a pattern of positive interplay.

注：

统筹…的发展

pursue balanced development across ...

良性互动格局

a pattern of positive interplay

interplay表示“相互作用，相互影响”（the way in which two people or things affect each other）

同义词：interaction/ interchange

乡村振兴战略有力实施，

The rural revitalization strategy was implemented with vigor;

注：

有力实施

implement with vigor

振兴战略

revitalization strategy

对于“乡村振兴战略”，2018年报告中用的“the rural revitalization strategy”而十九大报告和去年的中国农民丰收节贺词则用“the rural vitalization strategy”；

· revitalization表示“复兴，振兴，恢复元气”（the process of making something grow, develop, or become successful again）

复兴：rejuvenation/ renaissance

· rejuvenation（the process of making something more effective, modern, and successful by using new ideas and methods）

· renaissance（a new interest in something, especially a particular form of art, music etc, that has not been popular for a long period）

中华民族伟大复兴

the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation

文艺复兴

The Renaissance

粮食总产量保持在1.3万亿斤以上。

grain output was kept above 650 million metric tons.

注：

粮食（总）产量

grain output

1.3万亿斤=650 million metric tons

注意单位的换算：1公吨=1000公斤

· metric ton表示“公吨，米制吨（=1,000 公斤）”（a unit for measuring weight, equal to 1,000 kilograms）

新型城镇化扎实推进，

Solid progress was made in the pursuit of new urbanization,

注：

新型城镇化

new urbanization

近1400万农业转移人口在城镇落户。

and close to 14 million people originally from rural areas gained permanent urban residency.

注：

在城镇落户

gain permanent urban residency

推进西部开发、东北振兴、中部崛起、东部率先发展，出台一批改革创新举措。

A full range of reforms and innovative measures were introduced to advance development in the western region, revitalize the northeast, energize the central region, and support the eastern region in spearheading development.

注：

出台一批改革创新举措

A full range of reforms and innovative measures were introduced to ...

“出台了...政策”还可表达为 we unveil policies to do sth

西部开发

advance development in the western region

西部大开发

large-scale development in the western region

东北振兴

revitalize the northeast/ northeast revitalization (strategy)

中部崛起

energize the central region/ drive progress in the rise of the central region

东部率先发展

support the eastern region in spearheading development/ support the eastern region in leading the rest of the country in pursuing development

· spearhead 动词表示“当…的先锋，带头”（to lead an attack or organized action）

京津冀协同发展取得明显进展，

Major progress was made in boosting the coordinated development of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region.

注：

京津冀

the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region

协同发展

the coordinated development of

长江经济带生态优先、绿色发展格局不断巩固。

Along the Yangtze Economic Belt, efforts to prioritize ecological conservation and boost green development were strengthened.

注：

长江经济带

the Yangtze Economic Belt

生态优先

prioritize ecological conservation/ give priority to ecological conservation

绿色发展（格局）

green development

粤港澳大湾区规划建设迈出实质性步伐， 

Substantive steps were taken in the planning and building of the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, 

注：

粤港澳大湾区

the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area

实质性步伐

substantive steps

港珠澳大桥建成通车。

and the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge was opened to traffic.

注：

港珠澳大桥

the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge

建成通车

be opened to traffic

加大对革命老区、民族地区、边疆地区、贫困地区改革发展支持力度。

We expanded support for reforms and development in old revolutionary base areas, areas with large ethnic minority populations, border areas, and poor areas.

注：

加大对...支持力度

we expand support for

加大...力度

we boost efforts to do sth/ greater efforts have been made in .../ we intensify to do sth

革命老区

old revolutionary base areas

民族地区

areas with large ethnic minority populations

边疆地区

border areas

贫困地区

poor areas

贫困人口

people living in poverty

新增高速铁路运营里程4100公里， 

Another 4,100 kilometers of high-speed railways opened to traffic, 

注：

新增

Another sth ...将动词转为名词译出

高速铁路

high-speed railways

新建改建高速公路6000多公里、农村公路30多万公里。

and over 6,000 kilometers of expressways and more than 300,000 kilometers of rural roads were built or improved. 

注：

新建改建

sth was built or improved

高速公路

expressways

城乡区域发展协调性持续增强。

the balance in development between rural and urban areas and between regions has continuously improved.

注：

发展协调性

the balance in development

协调发展

balanced development

持续增强

be continuously improved/ strengthened

「未完待续」

「持续更新中」

「Part3」2019政府工作报告中英文对照注释版

「Part2」2019政府工作报告中英文对照注释版

「Part 1」2019政府工作报告中英文对照注释版

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