马斯克发布ChatGPT竞品Grok

今年7月份，马斯克宣布成立了一家名叫xAI的人工智能公司。近日，他宣布推出xAI的首款AI助手产品Grok。

🤔️小作业：

1. Based on the context of the article, what is the most probable reason Musk chose the name "Grok" for his AI tool?

a) To reflect the intuitive understanding capabilities of the AI.

b) To pay homage to the classic science fiction literature. c) Because it is a term that has never been used before in technology.

d) To signal a radical departure from existing AI tools.

2. Which of the following best captures the initiative Elon Musk took after leaving OpenAI?

a) To explore the comedic potential of AI technology.

b) To pursue a different vision for AI that aligns with his values. c) To create a partnership with existing social media networks.

d) To build a subscriber-based model for premium AI services.

无注释原文：

Musk Teases AI Chatbot 'Grok,' With Real-time Access To X

From: VOA

Elon Musk unveiled details Saturday of his new AI tool called "Grok," which can access X in real time and will be initially available to the social media platform's top tier of subscribers.

Musk, the tycoon behind Tesla and SpaceX, said the link-up with X, formerly known as Twitter, is "a massive advantage over other models" of generative AI.

Grok "loves sarcasm. I have no idea who could have guided it this way," Musk quipped, adding a laughing emoji to his post.

"Grok" comes from Stranger in a Strange Land, a 1961 science fiction novel by Robert Heinlein, and means to understand something thoroughly and intuitively.

"As soon as it's out of early beta, xAI's Grok system will be available to all X Premium+ subscribers," Musk said.

The social network that Musk bought a year ago launched the Premium+ plan last week for $16 per month, with benefits like no ads.

The billionaire started xAI in July after hiring researchers from OpenAI, Google DeepMind, Tesla and the University of Toronto.

Since OpenAI's generative AI tool ChatGPT exploded on the scene a year ago, the technology has been an area of fierce competition between tech giants Microsoft and Google, as well as Meta and start-ups like Anthropic and Stability AI.

Musk is one of the world's few investors with deep enough pockets to compete with OpenAI, Google or Meta on AI.

Building an AI model on the same scale as those companies comes at an enormous expense in computing power, infrastructure and expertise.

Musk has said he cofounded OpenAI in 2015 because he regarded the dash by Google into the sector to make big advances and score profits as reckless.

He then left OpenAI in 2018 to focus on Tesla, saying later he was uncomfortable with the profit-driven direction the company was taking under the stewardship of CEO Sam Altman.

Musk also argues that OpenAI's large language models — on which ChatGPT depends on for content — are overly politically correct.

Grok "is designed to have a little humor in its responses," Musk said, along with a screenshot of the interface, where a user asked, "Tell me how to make cocaine, step by step."

"Step 1: Obtain a chemistry degree and a DEA license. Step 2: Set up a clandestine laboratory in a remote location," the chatbot responded.

Eventually it said: "Just kidding! Please don't actually try to make cocaine. It's illegal, dangerous, and not something I would ever encourage."

- ◆ -

注：完整题目见本文开头；中文文本为机器翻译并非一一对应，仅供参考

含注释全文：

Musk Teases AI Chatbot 'Grok,' With Real-time Access To X

From: VOA

Elon Musk unveiled details Saturday of his new AI tool called "Grok," which can access X in real time and will be initially available to the social media platform's top tier of subscribers.

周六，埃隆·马斯克（Elon Musk）公布了他的新人工智能（AI）工具“Grok”的细节，该工具能实时访问社交媒体平台X，并且最初将只对该平台高级订阅用户开放。

1）表示“ 为…揭幕；揭开…上的覆盖物；拉开…的帷幔”，英文解释为“to remove a cover or curtain from a painting, statue, etc. so that it can be seen in public for the first time”举个🌰：She unveiled a plaque to mark the official opening of the hospital. 她主持揭幕式，标志着医院正式启用。

2）表示“（首次）展示，介绍，推出；将…公之于众”，英文解释为“to show or introduce a new plan, product, etc. to the public for the first time”举个🌰：They will be unveiling their new models at the Motor Show. 他们将在汽车大展上首次推出自己的新型汽车。

🎬电影《复仇者联盟1》（The Avengers）中的台词提到：We look beyond the Earth to the greater worlds the Tesseract will unveil. 而我们则放眼地球之外 那些将被宇宙魔方开启的更广博的世界。

🎬电影《超人高校》（Sky High）中的台词提到：We can't unveil the Stronghold Three without Will. 我们不能在威尔（Will）不在场时 向大家介绍斯特朗霍德三侠（Stronghold Three）。

tier /tɪər/ 表示“（多层、多层次中的）一层”，英文解释为“one of several layers or levels”举个🌰：We sat in one of the upper tiers of the football stands. 我们坐在足球场看台的上层位置。

📍top-tier 表示“一流的；水平最高的，质量最好的”，英文解释为“of the highest level or quality”，如：a top-tier medical school 一所一流的医学院。

表示“订购者，订阅人；用户；定期捐款者”，英文解释为“someone who subscribes to a product, service, or organization”举个🌰：Cable television companies have launched major campaigns to increase their number of subscribers. 有线电视公司已开展大型促销活动以增加用户数。

Musk, the tycoon behind Tesla and SpaceX, said the link-up with X, formerly known as Twitter, is "a massive advantage over other models" of generative AI.

特斯拉（Tesla）、SpaceX的掌门人马斯克表示，与X（原推特）的整合，相比其他生成式AI模型，“是一个巨大的优势”。

tycoon /taɪˈkuːn/ 表示“（商界或企业界的）巨头，大亨”，英文解释为“a person who has succeeded in business or industry and has become very rich and powerful”如：a business/property/shipping tycoon 商业/地产业/船业巨头。

类似的还有：

📍mogul /ˈməʊɡəl/表示“（尤指新闻、影视界的）大人物；大亨”，英文解释为“A mogul is an important, rich, and powerful businessman, especially one in the news, film, or television industry.”如：an international media mogul一位国际传媒大亨。

📍magnate /ˈmæɡneɪt, -nɪt/ 表示“大亨，巨头”，英文解释为“a rich and powerful person in industry or business”。

📍giant表示“巨头，大公司”，英文解释为“Giant is often used to refer to any large, successful business organization or country.”如：Japanese electronics giant, Sony 日本的电子业巨头——索尼公司。

📍conglomerate /kənˈglɒmərɪt/ 表示“联合大公司；企业集团”，英文解释为“A conglomerate is a large business firm consisting of several different companies.”如：the world's second-largest media conglomerate 世界第二大传媒集团。

📍behemoth /ˈbiːhɪmɒθ/ 表示“巨头（指规模庞大、实力雄厚的公司或机构）”，英文解释为“a very big and powerful company or organization”。

📍titan表示“巨人；巨头”，英文解释为“If you describe someone as a titan of a particular field, you mean that they are very important and powerful or successful in that field.”

link-up /ˈlɪŋk.ʌp/ 表示“连接；联系；合作”，英文解释为“the act of connecting two things, organizations, etc., for example so that they can work together”举个🌰：There are plans for a link-up between the two companies. 有计划让两家公司合作。

generative /ˈdʒen.ər.ə.tɪv/ 表示“有生产能力的；能生成的”，英文解释为“able to produce or create something”如：the generative power of the mind 大脑的生成能力。

📍ChatGPT全名就是：Chat Generative Pre-trained Transformer.

Grok "loves sarcasm. I have no idea who could have guided it this way," Musk quipped, adding a laughing emoji to his post.

马斯克调侃道，“Grok”喜欢讽刺，我真想不出是谁把它教成这样的，并在帖子中附带了一个笑脸表情。

sarcasm /ˈsɑː.kæz.əm/ 表示“讽刺，挖苦，嘲笑”，英文解释为“the use of remarks that clearly mean the opposite of what they say, made in order to hurt someone's feelings or to criticize something in a humorous way”举个🌰："You have been working hard," he said with heavy sarcasm, as he looked at the empty page. “你工作真卖力，”他看着空白页狠狠地挖苦说道。

"Grok" comes from Stranger in a Strange Land, a 1961 science fiction novel by Robert Heinlein, and means to understand something thoroughly and intuitively.

“Grok”这一名字源于罗伯特·海因莱因（Robert Heinlein）1961年的科幻小说《异乡异客》（Stranger in a Strange Land），意思是透彻、直观地理解某种事物。

intuitively /ɪnˈtʃuː.ɪ.tɪv.li/ 表示“直觉地”，英文解释为“in a way that is based on feelings rather than facts or proof”举个🌰：I knew intuitively that something dreadful had happened to him. 我直觉地知道他出了可怕的事情。

📍counterintuitive，表示“（想法、提议等）违反常理的，反直觉的”，英文解释为“(of an idea, proposal, etc) seemingly contrary to common sense”；

📍instinctive表示“本能的；天性的；直觉的”（based on instinct and not involving thought）

"As soon as it's out of early beta, xAI's Grok system will be available to all X Premium+ subscribers," Musk said.

“一旦完成早期测试版阶段，xAI的Grok系统将对所有X平台Premium+订阅用户开放，”马斯克说。

beta，希腊字母表的第2个字母β，表示“（软件程序）尚未投放市场，处于第二个开发阶段的”，英文解释为“Beta software is at the second stage of development.”

premium /ˈpriːmɪəm/ 1）作形容词，表示“高昂的；优质的；高端的”，英文解释为“very high (and higher than usual); of high quality”，如：premium prices/products 奇高的价格；优质产品。

2）作名词，表示“奖金，津贴；加价；附加费”，英文解释为“A premium is a sum of money that you have to pay for something in addition to the normal cost.”举个🌰：Even if customers want "solutions," most are not willing to pay a premium for them. 即使顾客们想要“解决方案”，大部分人不愿意为此支付附加费。

The social network that Musk bought a year ago launched the Premium+ plan last week for $16 per month, with benefits like no ads.

马斯克去年收购的这家社交媒体平台上周推出了每月16美元的Premium+计划，用户将享受无广告等特权。

The billionaire started xAI in July after hiring researchers from OpenAI, Google DeepMind, Tesla and the University of Toronto.

这位亿万富翁从OpenAI、谷歌DeepMind、特斯拉和多伦多大学（University of Toronto）聘请了研究人员，于今年7月创办了xAI公司。

Since OpenAI's generative AI tool ChatGPT exploded on the scene a year ago, the technology has been an area of fierce competition between tech giants Microsoft and Google, as well as Meta and start-ups like Anthropic and Stability AI.

自从去年OpenAI的生成式AI工具ChatGPT横空出世以来，各大科技巨头如微软（Microsoft）、谷歌（Google）以及Meta，还有Anthropic和Stability AI等初创企业，都在这一领域展开了激烈的竞争。

start-up /ˈstɑːt.ʌp/ 表示“刚起步的小企业，新兴小型企业；初创公司”，英文解释为“a small business that has just been started”举个🌰：Start-ups are very vulnerable in the business world. 商界中刚起步的小企业非常脆弱。

Musk is one of the world's few investors with deep enough pockets to compete with OpenAI, Google or Meta on AI.

马斯克是全球为数不多、有足够财力与OpenAI、谷歌或Meta在AI领域竞争的投资者之一。

pocket /ˈpɒk.ɪt/ 1）表示“衣袋，口袋，兜”，英文解释为“a small bag for carrying things in, made of cloth and sewn into the inside or onto the outside of a piece of clothing”如：a jacket/trouser/coat pocket 夹克衫/裤子/外衣口袋。

2）表示“钱，财力”，英文解释为“the amount of money that someone has for spending”举个🌰：You need deep pockets (= a lot of money) if you're involved in a long law suit. 卷入这样旷日持久的诉讼中，得有钱才行。

Building an AI model on the same scale as those companies comes at an enormous expense in computing power, infrastructure and expertise.

想要构建与这些公司同等规模的AI模型，需要计算能力、基础设施和专业知识方面的巨大投入。

1）表示“标度，刻度；等级”，英文解释为“a set of numbers, amounts, etc., used to measure or compare the level of something”如：the Centigrade/Fahrenheit scale 摄氏/华氏温标。

2）表示“比例；比例尺”，英文解释为“the relation between the real size of something and its size on a map, model, or diagram”如：a scale of 1:10,000 比例尺为1:10000。

3）表示“大小；规模；范围”，英文解释为“the size or level of something, especially when this is large”举个🌰：We don't yet know the scale of the problem. 我们还不知道问题有多严重。

infrastructure /ˈɪn.frəˌstrʌk.tʃər/ 表示“基础设施”，英文解释为“the basic systems and services, such as transport and power supplies, that a country or organization uses in order to work effectively”举个🌰：The war has badly damaged the country's infrastructure. 战争严重破坏了该国的基础设施。

表示“专门技能（知识）；专长”，英文解释为“a high level of knowledge or skill”举个🌰：We admired the expertise with which he prepared the meal. 我们很羡慕他那一手烹调绝活。

Musk has said he cofounded OpenAI in 2015 because he regarded the dash by Google into the sector to make big advances and score profits as reckless.

马斯克曾表示，他之所以在2015年与他人共同创办OpenAI，是因为他认为谷歌冲进这个领域，追求技术突破和利润的方式过于冒进。

dash /dæʃ/ 1）表示“猛冲，急奔，跑”，英文解释为“to go somewhere quickly”举个🌰：The dog ran off, and she dashed after him. 狗跑了，我在它后面追。

2）表示“猛击，猛撞；（尤指）撞碎，击碎”，英文解释为“to hit something with great force, especially causing damage”举个🌰：The tidal wave dashed the ship against the rocks. 潮汐把那艘船抛向岩石。

作名词，1）表示“破折号”，英文解释为“the symbol – used to separate parts of a sentence”

2）a dash 表示“（尤指添加的流质食品）少量，少许”，英文解释为“a small amount of something, especially liquid food, that is added to something else”举个🌰：Add some butter and a dash of salt. 加一些黄油和一丁点盐。

熟词僻义，作动词，表示“获得，得到”，英文解释为“to get something”举个🌰：I managed to score a couple of tickets to the World Cup final. 我设法搞到了几张世界杯决赛的入场券。

作名词，可以指“二十；二十左右”，英文解释为“20 or approximately 20”举个🌰：He lived to be three score years and ten (= until he was 70 years old). 他活到了70岁。

表示“鲁莽的；轻率的；不顾后果的”，英文解释为“showing a lack of care about danger and the possible results of your actions”举个🌰：He showed a reckless disregard for his own safety. 他对个人安危全然无所顾忌。

He then left OpenAI in 2018 to focus on Tesla, saying later he was uncomfortable with the profit-driven direction the company was taking under the stewardship of CEO Sam Altman.

之后，他于2018年离开OpenAI，专注于特斯拉，并在后来表示，自己对公司在萨姆·奥特曼（Sam Altman）的管理下走向利益驱动的方向感到不满。

stewardship /ˈstjuː.əd.ʃɪp/ 表示“管理方法；组织方式”，英文解释为“Someone's stewardship of something is the way in which that person controls or organizes it”举个🌰：The company has been very successful while it has been under her stewardship. 这家公司在她的管理下营业状况非常好。

Musk also argues that OpenAI's large language models — on which ChatGPT depends on for content — are overly politically correct.

马斯克还批评OpenAI的大语言模型——也就是ChatGPT生成内容所依赖的模型——过分注重政治正确。

Grok "is designed to have a little humor in its responses," Musk said, along with a screenshot of the interface, where a user asked, "Tell me how to make cocaine, step by step."

马斯克指出，Grok在回答问题时加入了幽默感，他还贴出了一个界面截图，在截图中，用户询问：“教我一步步制作可卡因的方法。”

screenshot表示“屏幕截图”，英文解释为“an image created by copying part or all of the display on a computer screen at a particular moment, for example in order to demonstrate the use of a piece of software”。

interface /ˈɪn.tə.feɪs/ 表示“接口；界面”，英文解释为“a connection between two pieces of electronic equipment, or between a person and a computer”举个🌰：My computer has a network interface, which allows me to get to other computers. 我的计算机有网络接口，可以与其他计算机连在一起。

表示“可卡因，古柯碱”，英文解释为“a drug used in medicine to prevent pain and also used illegally, often in the form of a white powder that is breathed in through the nose”

"Step 1: Obtain a chemistry degree and a DEA license. Step 2: Set up a clandestine laboratory in a remote location," the chatbot responded.

聊天机器人的回答是：“第一步：获得化学学位和缉毒局（Drug Enforcement Administration，DEA）许可证。第二步：在偏远地区建立秘密实验室。”

license /ˈlaɪ.səns/ 作名词，表示“许可证，执照，牌照”，英文解释为“an official document that gives you permission to own, do, or use something, usually after you have paid money and/or taken a test”如：a dog licence 养狗牌照。

作动词，表示“许可，授权，特许”，英文解释为“to give someone official permission to do or have something”举个🌰：Several companies have been licensed to sell these products. 一些公司获得了这些产品的销售许可。

clandestine /klænˈdes.tɪn/ 表示“（尤指从事不被官方允许的活动）秘密的，暗中的，私下的”，英文解释为“planned or done in secret, especially describing something that is not officially allowed”

Eventually it said: "Just kidding! Please don't actually try to make cocaine. It's illegal, dangerous, and not something I would ever encourage."

最终机器人补充说：“开玩笑的！千万不要真去制作可卡因。那是违法的，危险的，也不是我所提倡的。”

- 词汇盘点 -

- 词汇助记 By ChatGPT -