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R可视化——基于ggplot2绘制柱状图并根据分组添加不同背景色！
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绘图代码如下：
1、设置工作环境
rm(list=ls())setwd("D:\\柱状图")2、加载包
library(ggplot2) # Create Elegant Data Visualisations Using the Grammar of Graphicslibrary(reshape2) # Flexibly Reshape Data: A Reboot of the Reshape Package3、构造数据
df <- read.table("data2.txt",header = T, check.names = F)data=melt(df)#误差棒这里我们随机编写，无实际意义data$er=data$value/104、绘图
ggplot(data,aes(variable,value,fill=group))+ geom_bar(size = 1.5,position="dodge", stat="identity",width = 0.8)+#绘制柱状图 geom_errorbar(aes(ymin = value-er, ymax = value+er,color=group), width = 0.2,position = position_dodge(width = 0.8),cex=1.2)+ #添加误差棒 labs(x="",y=NULL)+#去除轴标题 theme_bw()+#主题 theme(panel.grid=element_blank(), axis.text=element_text(color='#333c41',size=12), legend.text = element_text(color='#333c41',size=12), legend.title = element_text(color='red',size=13))+ scale_y_continuous(expand = c(0, 0), limit = c(0, 23))+#去除网格线 #为更直观展示分组，添加方块 annotate("rect", xmin = 0.5, xmax = 1.5, ymin = 0, ymax = 23, alpha = 0.4,fill="#dde2e0") + annotate("rect", xmin = 1.5, xmax = 2.5, ymin = 0, ymax = 23, alpha = 0.4,fill="#0081b4") + annotate("rect", xmin = 2.5, xmax = 3.5, ymin = 0, ymax = 23, alpha = 0.4,fill="#96cbb3") + annotate("rect", xmin = 3.5, xmax = 4.5, ymin = 0, ymax = 23, alpha = 0.4,fill="#91be3e") + scale_fill_manual(values=c("#004a77","#00adee","#ff8100"))+#自定义柱状图颜色 scale_color_manual(values=c("#004a77","#00adee","#ff8100"))+#自定义误差棒颜色 #手动添加显著性标记，图中列出部分，具体根据个人数据进行调整 annotate('text', label = '**', x =0.65, y =21, angle=-90, size =5,color="#004a77")+ annotate('text', label = '***', x =2.9, y =21, angle=-90, size =5,color="#00adee")温馨提示
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