我爱上看新闻了

今天，网友们纷纷表示，我爱上看新闻了。为啥呢？

男同胞看甜甜新闻。央视新闻一位名叫王冰冰的记者火了，被网友称为“央视最美女记者”，笑起来简直不要太甜！

与此同时，女同胞看受伤小伙子。宁波的小张洗完澡后，浴室钢化玻璃突然自爆，两只手都受伤的他接受采访准备维权，没想到登上热搜第一，误打误撞成了“网红”。

女同胞看受伤小伙：

无注释原文：

You Asked: Is It Bad for You to Read the News Constantly?

TIME

A recent survey from the American Psychological Association found that, for many Americans, “news consumption has a downside.”

More than half of Americans say the news causes them stress, and many report feeling anxiety, fatigue or sleep loss as a result, the survey shows. Yet one in 10 adults checks the news every hour, and fully 20% of Americans report “constantly” monitoring their social media feeds—which often exposes them to the latest news headlines, whether they like it or not.

Of course, many people feel it’s important to stay informed. And it’s understandable that news you find concerning could produce stress and anxiety. But recent changes to the way everyone gets their news—coupled with the style of news that dominates today—may not be good for mental and even physical health.

“The way that news is presented and the way that we access news has changed significantly over the last 15 to 20 years,” says Graham Davey, a professor emeritus of psychology at Sussex University in the UK and editor-in-chief of the Journal of Experimental Psychopathology. “These changes have often been detrimental to general mental health.”

Davey says today’s news is “increasingly visual and shocking,” and points to the inclusion of smartphone videos and audio clips as examples. These bystander-captured media can be so intense that they can cause symptoms of acute stress—like problems sleeping, mood swings or aggressive behavior—or even PTSD, he says.

Some of Davey’s research has shown that negative TV news is a significant mood-changer, and the moods it tends to produce are sadness and anxiety. “Our studies also showed that this change in mood exacerbates the viewer’s own personal worries, even when those worries are not directly relevant to the news stories being broadcast,” he says.

While increased anxiety and stress are reason enough to be wary of overdoing it when it comes to the news, these and other mental health afflictions can also fuel physical ailments. Stress-related hormones, namely cortisol, have been linked to inflammation associated with rheumatoid arthritis, cardiovascular disease and other serious health concerns.

So if the evidence suggests the news can stress people out, why do they keep going back for more? For one thing, it’s entertaining, Davey says. The human brain is also wired to pay attention to information that scares or unsettles us—a concept known as “negativity bias”.

“In a state of nature, our survival depends on finding rewards and avoiding harm, but avoiding harm takes priority,” says Loretta Breuning, a former professor of management at California State University, East Bay and author of Habits of a Happy Brain.

Breuning explains that the human brain is attracted to troubling information because it’s programmed to detect threats, not to overlook them. “This can make it hard for us to ignore the negatives and seek out the positives around us,” she says. “Our brain is predisposed to go negative, and the news we consume reflects this.”

While your brain may find the latest news enthralling, it’s hard to argue that all of that news is truly illuminating. Breuning says much of the opinion and commentary that passes for news analysis is the equivalent of lunchroom gossip. “There’s this idea of following the news in order to be an informed citizen, but a lot of what you see today is gossip elevated to a sophisticated level,” she says. And if the news you consume is getting you worked up or worried—and some would say this is exactly the goal of much of today’s coverage—it’s probably not doing your health any favors, she says.

But other experts say the effect news has on a person’s health varies from one individual to another.

“News is not an infectious and contagious pathogen like anthrax or the Ebola virus that impacts humans in relatively predicable ways,” says Chris Peters, an associate professor of media and communication at Aalborg University Copenhagen. “It’s extremely complicated—if not impossible—to predict how people in the aggregate will respond to news.”

“Try to be aware of how [the news] changes your mood or makes your thoughts more negative,” Davey advises. If you notice a news-induced surge of pessimism, taking a breather with mood-lifting activities like listening to music, exercising or watching something that makes you laugh may all help counteract those dark vibes.

You could also pare back your news habit. “Most of us these days have news alerts set on our smartphones, and 24-hour news on continuously in the background,” he says. “That’s probably far too much.”

Breuning agrees, and recommends limiting your news consumption to one block of time each day—say, at lunch or before dinner—if not less. At the very least, don’t watch or read the news before bed, she says.

- ◆ -

注：中文文本为机器翻译仅供参考，并非一一对应

含注释全文：

You Asked: Is It Bad for You to Read the News Constantly?

TIME

A recent survey from the American Psychological Association found that, for many Americans, “news consumption has a downside.”

美国心理学会（American Psychological Association）最近的一项调查发现，对许多美国人来说，"新闻消费（news consumption）有弊端"。

表示“不利的一面，不利因素”，英文解释为“a disadvantage of a situation”举个🌰：

The downside of living here is that it is expensive.

在这里生活的不利因素当然就是生活费用很高。

相反：

📍upside表示“优点；好处；有利的一面”（the advantage of a situation）。

More than half of Americans say the news causes them stress, and many report feeling anxiety, fatigue or sleep loss as a result, the survey shows. Yet one in 10 adults checks the news every hour, and fully 20% of Americans report “constantly” monitoring their social media feeds—which often exposes them to the latest news headlines, whether they like it or not.

调查显示，超过半数的美国人表示，新闻会给他们带来压力，许多人表示因此感到焦虑、疲劳或失眠。然而，每10个成年人中就有一个人每小时都会查看新闻，而且有足足20%的美国人表示会“不断”刷他们的社交媒体资讯--不管他们喜不喜欢，这常常让他们接触到最新的新闻头条。

fatigue /fəˈtiːɡ/ 表示“疲劳；劳累”，英文解释为“a feeling of being extremely tired, usually because of hard work or exercise”，如：physical and mental fatigue 身体和精神的疲劳。

feed一词，不知道你有没有听过“Feed流”或者“信息流”这样的说法，熟悉互联网行业的人可能会比较了解，指的就是持续向用户提供内容更新的信息流服务，比如朋友圈（Moments），微博，抖音的形式，你可以以时间线或者兴趣度一条一条地往下刷或者说阅读。可以看下Web feed或者News feed的英文解释：a data format used for providing users with frequently updated content.

Of course, many people feel it's important to stay informed. And it's understandable that news you find concerning could produce stress and anxiety. But recent changes to the way everyone gets their news—coupled with the style of news that dominates today—may not be good for mental and even physical health.

当然，很多人觉得了解情况很重要。而且，你发现关心的新闻可能会产生压力和焦虑，这是可以理解的。但最近大家获取新闻的方式发生了变化--再加上如今占主导地位的新闻风格--可能对心理甚至身体健康都没有好处。

字面意思就是保持知情，保持消息灵通，随时了解情况，informed作形容词，表示“见多识广的；了解情况的”，英文解释为“having a lot of knowledge or information about something”举个🌰：

The school promised to keep parents informed about the situation.

该学校保证让家长了解有关情况。

“The way that news is presented and the way that we access news has changed significantly over the last 15 to 20 years,” says Graham Davey, a professor emeritus of psychology at Sussex University in the UK and editor-in-chief of the Journal of Experimental Psychopathology. “These changes have often been detrimental to general mental health.”

“在过去的15到20年里，新闻的呈现方式和我们获取新闻的方式发生了很大的变化，”英国萨塞克斯大学（Sussex University）心理学名誉教授、《实验精神病理学杂志》（the Journal of Experimental Psychopathology）主编格雷厄姆·戴维（Graham Davey）说。“这些变化往往不利于整体心理健康。”

emeritus /ɪˈmɛrɪtəs/ 表示“（常指大学教师）退休后保留头衔的，荣誉退休的”，英文解释为“(often Emeritus) used with a title to show that a person, usually a university teacher, keeps the title as an honour, although he or she has stopped working”，如：the Emeritus Professor of Biology 荣誉退休的生物学教授。

表示“有害的；不利的”，英文解释为“Something that is detrimental to something else has a harmful or damaging effect on it.”举个🌰：

These chemicals have a detrimental effect/impact on the environment.

这些化学品对环境有危害。

Davey says today's news is “increasingly visual and shocking,” and points to the inclusion of smartphone videos and audio clips as examples. These bystander-captured media can be so intense that they can cause symptoms of acute stress—like problems sleeping, mood swings or aggressive behavior—or even PTSD, he says.

戴维说，如今的新闻“越来越视觉化和令人震惊”，并举出有了智能手机视频和音频片段的例子。他说，这些旁观者录制的音视频如此强烈，以至于它们会导致急性压力的症状，如睡眠问题、情绪波动或攻击性行为--甚至是创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）。

1）表示“严峻的”，英文解释为“You can use acute to indicate that an undesirable situation or feeling is very severe or intense.”举个🌰：

There is an acute shortage of water.

水严重短缺。

2）表示“（疾病）急性的”，英文解释为“an acute illness is one that has quickly become severe and dangerous”如：acute appendicitis 急性阑尾炎。

创伤后应激障碍（ post-traumatic stress disorder，PTSD）是指个体经历、目睹或遭遇到一个或多个涉及自身或他人的实际死亡，或受到死亡的威胁，或严重的受伤，或躯体完整性受到威胁后，所导致的个体延迟出现和持续存在的精神障碍。（百度百科）

Some of Davey's research has shown that negative TV news is a significant mood-changer, and the moods it tends to produce are sadness and anxiety. “Our studies also showed that this change in mood exacerbates the viewer's own personal worries, even when those worries are not directly relevant to the news stories being broadcast,” he says.

戴维的一些研究表明，负面的电视新闻是一种显著的情绪变化，它产生的情绪往往是悲伤和焦虑。“我们的研究还表明，这种情绪变化会加剧观众个人的忧虑，即使这些忧虑与正在播放的新闻报道没有直接关系。”他说。

表示“使恶化；使加重”，英文解释为“to make a bad situation worse”举个🌰：

She didn't want to exacerbate the situation.

她不想使情况变得更糟。

熟词僻义，可以表示“新闻报道”，英文解释为“a report in a newspaper, magazine or news broadcast”如：a front-page story 头版报道。

While increased anxiety and stress are reason enough to be wary of overdoing it when it comes to the news, these and other mental health afflictions can also fuel physical ailments. Stress-related hormones, namely cortisol, have been linked to inflammation associated with rheumatoid arthritis, cardiovascular disease and other serious health concerns.

尽管越来越多的焦虑和压力足以引起人们的警惕，但这些和其他心理健康问题也可能造成身体的疾病。与压力有关的激素，即皮质醇，与风湿性关节炎（rheumatoid arthritis）、心血管疾病（cardiovascular disease）和其他严重健康问题相关的炎症有关。

表示“小心的；提防的”，英文解释为“If you are wary of something or someone, you are cautious because you do not know much about them and you believe they may be dangerous or cause problems.”举个🌰：

People did not teach their children to be wary of strangers.

人们以前没教过自己的孩子们要提防陌生人。

📺美剧《迷失》（Lost）中的台词提到：I think you'll find people slightly wary of entering the jungle 我想你会发现 以后人们进丛林会很谨慎的。

表示“痛苦；苦恼；折磨”，英文解释为“something that makes you suffer”举个🌰：

Malnutrition is one of the common afflictions of the poor.

营养不良是困扰穷人的常见问题之一。

表示“加剧；增加；加强；刺激”，英文解释为“To fuel a situation means to make it become worse or more intense.”如：to fuel speculation/rumours/fears 引起猜测/谣传/恐惧，举个🌰：

The result will inevitably fuel speculation about his future.

该结果将不可避免地加剧人们对他的前途的猜测。

表示“小病，微恙”，英文解释为“an illness”举个🌰：

Treat minor ailments yourself.

一点儿小毛病可以自己治。

表示“发炎；炎症”，英文解释为“An inflammation is a painful redness or swelling of a part of your body that results from an infection, injury, or illness.”

So if the evidence suggests the news can stress people out, why do they keep going back for more? For one thing, it's entertaining, Davey says. The human brain is also wired to pay attention to information that scares or unsettles us—a concept known as “negativity bias”.

所以，如果有证据表明，新闻可以给人们带来压力，为什么他们还要继续回去看呢？戴维说，首先，它很有娱乐性。人类的大脑也被训练成会注意那些让我们害怕或不安的信息--这个概念被称为“消极性偏见”。

表示“令（某人）紧张；使（某人）焦虑不安”，英文解释为“to make someone feel very nervous and worried”举个🌰：

Interviews always stress me out.

面试总是令我非常紧张。

“In a state of nature, our survival depends on finding rewards and avoiding harm, but avoiding harm takes priority,” says Loretta Breuning, a former professor of management at California State University, East Bay and author of Habits of a Happy Brain.

加州州立大学东湾分校（California State University, East Bay）前管理学教授、《Habits of a Happy Brain》一书的作者洛蕾塔·布茹宁（Loretta Breuning）说：“在自然状态下，我们的生存取决于寻找激励和避免伤害，但避免伤害是优先考虑的”。

Breuning explains that the human brain is attracted to troubling information because it's programmed to detect threats, not to overlook them. “This can make it hard for us to ignore the negatives and seek out the positives around us,” she says. “Our brain is predisposed to go negative, and the news we consume reflects this.”

布茹宁解释说，人类的大脑会被令人不安的信息所吸引，因为它被训练为检测威胁，而不是忽视它们。“这可能会使我们很难忽视负面因素，并找出我们周围的积极因素，”她说。“我们的大脑倾向于走向消极，而我们消费的新闻也反映了这一点。”

predispose /ˌpriːdɪˈspəʊz/ 短语 be predisposed to/towards sth表示“易感染…；更倾向于，更有可能”，英文解释为“to be more likely than other people to have a medical condition or to behave in a particular way”举个🌰：

Researchers have discovered that the children of these patients are genetically predisposed to cancer.

研究者发现这些病人的子女容易通过遗传患上癌症。

🎬电影《疯狂动物城》（Zootopia）中的台词提到：Since predators are just biologically predisposed to be savages. 毕竟掠食者的天性都是野蛮的。

While your brain may find the latest news enthralling, it's hard to argue that all of that news is truly illuminating. Breuning says much of the opinion and commentary that passes for news analysis is the equivalent of lunchroom gossip. “There's this idea of following the news in order to be an informed citizen, but a lot of what you see today is gossip elevated to a sophisticated level,” she says. And if the news you consume is getting you worked up or worried—and some would say this is exactly the goal of much of today's coverage—it's probably not doing your health any favors, she says.

尽管你的大脑可能会觉得最新的新闻很吸引人，但很难说所有这些新闻都是真正有启发性的。布茹宁说，很多通过新闻分析的观点和评论相当于午餐室的八卦。她说：“有这样一种想法，即关注新闻是为了成为一个知情的公民，但你今天看到的很多东西都是八卦连篇。”她说。如果你消费的新闻让你兴奋或担心--有些人会说这正是今天大部分报道的目标--那么它可能对你的健康没有任何好处，她说。

enthralling /ɪnˈθrɔːlɪŋ/ 表示“引人入胜的；迷人的”，英文解释为“holding the attention completely; fascinating; spellbinding”。

1）表示“照亮”，英文解释为“To illuminate something means to shine light on it and to make it brighter and more visible.”举个🌰：

No streetlights illuminated the street.

一盏照亮街道的路灯也没有。

2）表示“阐明”，英文解释为“If you illuminate something that is unclear or difficult to understand, you make it clearer by explaining it carefully or giving information about it.”举个🌰：

Instead of formulas and charts, the two instructors use games and drawings to illuminate their subject.

这两位教师用游戏和图画而不是公式和图表来阐明他们的题旨。

3）形容词：illuminating，表示“富有启发性的”，举个🌰：

It would be illuminating to hear the views of the club vice-chairman. 

听听俱乐部副主席的观点或许会有启发。

🎬电影《哈利·波特与混血王子》（Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince）中的台词提到：And I thought perhaps you could illuminate me. 或许您可以指点我一下。

But other experts say the effect news has on a person's health varies from one individual to another.

但也有专家表示，新闻对人健康的影响因人而异。

“News is not an infectious and contagious pathogen like anthrax or the Ebola virus that impacts humans in relatively predicable ways,” says Chris Peters, an associate professor of media and communication at Aalborg University Copenhagen. “It's extremely complicated—if not impossible—to predict how people in the aggregate will respond to news.”

“新闻并不是像炭疽病（anthrax）或埃博拉（Ebola）病毒那样具有感染性和传染性的病原体，它以相对可预测的方式对人类产生影响，”哥本哈根奥尔堡大学媒体和传播学副教授克里斯·彼得斯（Chris Peters）说。“预测人们在总体上对新闻的反应是极其复杂的--如果不是不可能的话。”

contagious /kən'teɪdʒəs/ 1) 表示“（疾病）接触传染的”，英文解释为“A disease that is contagious can be caught by touching people or things that are infected with it.”

2) 表示“（感情、态度、行动）富于感染力的，会蔓延的”，英文解释为“If a feeling, attitude, or action is contagious, other people are quickly affected by it and begin to have it or do it”，如：her contagious enthusiasm 她那富有感染力的热情。

pathogen /ˈpæθəˌdʒɛn/ 表示“病原体”，英文解释为“any small organism, such as a virus or a bacterium that can cause disease”。

“Try to be aware of how [the news] changes your mood or makes your thoughts more negative,” Davey advises. If you notice a news-induced surge of pessimism, taking a breather with mood-lifting activities like listening to music, exercising or watching something that makes you laugh may all help counteract those dark vibes.

戴维建议“试着去认识[新闻]如何改变你的情绪或让你的想法更消极，”如果你注意到新闻引起的悲观情绪激增，用提振情绪的活动来喘口气，如听音乐、运动或看一些让你笑的东西，可能都有助于抵消这些黑暗的氛围。

表示“抵消；对抗；减少”，英文解释为“to reduce or remove the effect of something unwanted by producing an opposite effect”举个🌰：

Drinking a lot of water counteracts the dehydrating effects of hot weather.

大量饮水可缓解炎热天气引起的脱水。

📺美剧《绝命毒师》（Breaking Bad）中的台词提到：Although, we'll prescribe an anti-emetic and try to counteract that. 不过我们会开些止吐剂 帮助缓解症状。

You could also pare back your news habit. “Most of us these days have news alerts set on our smartphones, and 24-hour news on continuously in the background,” he says. “That's probably far too much.”

你也可以缩减你的新闻习惯。“现在我们大多数人都在智能手机上设置了新闻提醒，并在后台连续开启24小时，”他说。“这可能太多了。”

表示“逐步减小（数量或体积）；使缩小”，英文解释为“to gradually reduce the size or amount”举个🌰：

The training budget has been pared back to a minimum.

培训预算已被削减到最低限度。

Breuning agrees, and recommends limiting your news consumption to one block of time each day—say, at lunch or before dinner—if not less. At the very least, don't watch or read the news before bed, she says.

布茹宁同意这一点，并建议将你的新闻消费限制在每天的一个时间段--比如说，在午餐或晚餐前--如果不能更少的话。她说，至少不要在睡前看或读新闻。

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