特朗普团队称出现死人票？
欢迎收看《美国大选》连续剧第二季第一集。
近日，白宫新闻发言人凯莉·麦肯内妮（Kayleigh McEnany）在接受采访时表示，手上有234页的证词可以佐证“选举舞弊”的事实，包括相同签名、重复计票、死人投票等。
无注释原文：
Election breathes new life into false ‘dead voter’ claims
Associated Press
As President Donald Trump continued to assert without evidence Tuesday that the presidential election was undermined by voter fraud, social media users falsely claimed that people had cast extra votes using the identities of dead people in Pennsylvania and Michigan.
There’s no evidence that this happened.
The false claim that deceased voters cast votes “comes up every election,” said Jason Roberts, a professor of political science at The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.
Experts told The Associated Press that it is common for state voter rolls to include voters with birthdates that make them appear impossibly old, but these are usually explained by human error, software quirks or voter confidentiality issues.
Here’s a closer look at this dubious claim:
CLAIM: Dead people in Pennsylvania and Michigan voted in the 2020 presidential election.
THE FACTS: There is no proof of foul play involving deceased voters in the election, according to officials in both states.
One tweet that repeated the false claim stated: “These are some of the people who voted in #PA...840 were 101 years old or older, 39 lived through the Civil War, 45 were born in the 1800s.” The tweet had over 18,000 retweets.
“A similar complaint was brought before a PA court -- and soundly rejected,” the Pennsylvania Office of Attorney General said in a statement. “The court found no deficiency in how PA maintains its voter rolls, and there is currently no proof provided that any deceased person has voted in the 2020 election.”
There was one incident in Luzerne County where a registered Republican reportedly attempted to apply for an absentee ballot in his deceased mother’s name, but he didn’t make it past the application phase. “This case is more proof our election will be protected by state and local officials alike,” Attorney General Josh Shapiro tweeted in October.
After social media users circulated videos that purportedly showed the names of dead voters in Michigan, The AP contacted one of the people named. She was very much alive and had just beaten her husband at cribbage.
According to experts, seeing strange birthdates on voter rolls that appear to belong to deceased registrants isn’t evidence of voter fraud, and there are multiple reasons why it can occur.
Tracy Wimmer, a spokesperson for Michigan’s secretary of state’s office, told The AP that on rare occasions a ballot received from a voter may be recorded as though that person is too old to be alive. This can occur when an incorrect birth year is entered on voter rolls.
- ◆ -
注：中文文本为机器翻译仅供参考，并非一一对应
含注释全文：
Election breathes new life into false ‘dead voter’ claims
Associated Press
As President Donald Trump continued to assert without evidence Tuesday that the presidential election was undermined by voter fraud, social media users falsely claimed that people had cast extra votes using the identities of dead people in Pennsylvania and Michigan.
由于美国总统唐纳德·特朗普（Donald Trump）周二在没有证据的情况下继续断言总统大选被选举舞弊所破坏，社交媒体用户谎称有人用宾夕法尼亚州（Pennsylvania）和密歇根州（Michigan）死者的身份多投了票。
assert
表示“（坚决）主张；断言”，英文解释为“to state firmly that something is true”，举个🌰：
French cooking, she asserted, is the best in the world.
她坚称法国菜是世界上最好的。
undermine
1）表示“逐渐削弱；逐渐动摇”，英文解释为“If you undermine something such as a feeling or a system, you make it less strong or less secure than it was before, often by a gradual process or by repeated efforts.”举个🌰：
Offering advice on each and every problem will undermine her feeling of being adult.
每个问题都为她提出忠告会逐渐削弱她的成年意识。
2）表示“（通常以间接方式）动摇（某人的地位或权威）”，英文解释为“If you undermine someone or undermine their position or authority, you make their authority or position less secure, often by indirect methods.”举个🌰：
She undermined him and destroyed his confidence in his own talent.
她动摇了他的地位，摧毁了他对自己才能的信心。
There's no evidence that this happened.
没有证据表明发生过这种情况。
The false claim that deceased voters cast votes “comes up every election,” said Jason Roberts, a professor of political science at The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.
北卡罗来纳大学教堂山分校（The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill）政治学教授杰森·罗伯茨（Jason Roberts）说，去世选民投票的虚假说法“每次选举都会出现”。
deceased
deceased /dɪˈsiːst/ 表示“死去了的；已死的；亡故的”，英文解释为“A deceased person is one who has recently died.”如：her deceased friend 她已故的朋友。
Experts told The Associated Press that it is common for state voter rolls to include voters with birthdates that make them appear impossibly old, but these are usually explained by human error, software quirks or voter confidentiality issues.
专家告诉美联社（The Associated Press）记者，州选民名册上的选民出生日期让他们看起来年纪异常的大，这很常见，但这些通常由人为错误、软件缺陷或选民保密问题来解释。
roll
作名词，表示“名单；花名册；登记表”，英文解释为“an official list of names”举个🌰：
Is your name on the electoral roll (= the list of people who can vote)?
你的名字在选民册上吗？
补充：
📍take/call the roll表示“点名”（If you take/call the roll, you read aloud the names of all the people on the list to make certain that they are present.）举个🌰：
The teacher called the roll to see if any students were absent.
老师点名看是否有学生缺勤。
quirk /kwɜːk/
表示“怪癖；古怪之处”，英文解释为“an unusual habit or part of someone's personality, or something that is strange and unexpected”举个🌰
You have to get used to other people's quirks and foibles.
你得习惯别人的怪癖和小缺点。
confidentiality
表示“秘密性，机密性”，英文解释为“the state of being confidential”如：patient/client confidentiality 为病人/委托人保密。
Here's a closer look at this dubious claim:
下面我们来仔细看看这个可疑的说法。
dubious
表示“半信半疑的，可疑的；不确定的；不可信的”，英文解释为“thought not to be completely true or not able to be trusted”举个🌰：
These claims are dubious and not scientifically proven.
这些说法未经科学证实，有些可疑。
🎬电影《唐璜》（Don Jon）中的台词提到：- Yo, Jonny, you coming out tonight? - That's dubious.-璜璜 你今晚出去吗 -不确定。
CLAIM: Dead people in Pennsylvania and Michigan voted in the 2020 presidential election.
宾夕法尼亚州（Pennsylvania）和密歇根州（Michigan）的死者在2020年的总统选举中投票。
THE FACTS: There is no proof of foul play involving deceased voters in the election, according to officials in both states.
事实：根据这两个州的官员的说法，没有证据表明出现死亡选民参与投票的违规行为。
foul play
表示“犯规行为；犯规动作；不正当的行为，严重犯规”，英文解释为“in sport, the act of playing unfairly or doing something that is against the rules”。
📍foul本身就有“犯规”的意思，可以作动词，名词和形容词，比如作动词，对 (某人) 犯规，In a game or sport, if a player fouls another player, they touch them or block them in a way which is not allowed according to the rules.
📍foul play另一个含义是“谋杀罪行，暴力致死行为”（a criminal act that results in serious damage or injury, especially murder）举个🌰：
It is not clear what caused the explosion, but the police do not suspect foul play.
还不清楚是什么引起了爆炸，但警方没有怀疑是谋杀。
📺美剧《犯罪心理》（Criminal minds）中的台词提到：- We're just trying to rule out foul play. 我们只想排除谋杀的可能性。
One tweet that repeated the false claim stated: “These are some of the people who voted in #PA...840 were 101 years old or older, 39 lived through the Civil War, 45 were born in the 1800s.” The tweet had over 18,000 retweets.
一条不断宣称这一错误说法的推文写道，“这是一些在宾州投票的人... 840人年龄在101岁以上，39人生活在内战期间，45人出生在19世纪”这条推文有超过18000次转发。
tweet/retweet
表示“发布在推特上的信息”，其实指的就是“推文”，英文解释为“a short remark or piece of information published on Twitter”；也可以作动词，指的就是“发推文，发推特”（to publish a short remark or piece of information on Twitter），retweet就是转发推文，举个🌰：
He tweeted that he was just about to meet the president.
他发推特说自己即将见到总统。
“A similar complaint was brought before a PA court -- and soundly rejected,” the Pennsylvania Office of Attorney General said in a statement. “The court found no deficiency in how PA maintains its voter rolls, and there is currently no proof provided that any deceased person has voted in the 2020 election.”
宾夕法尼亚州总检察长办公室在一份声明中说：“宾夕法尼亚州法院也收到了类似的投诉--并且被彻底驳回了。法院认为宾州在维护选民名册的方式上没有任何缺陷，目前没有提供任何已故人员在2020年选举中投票的证据。”
deficiency
表示“不足，缺乏，缺少”，英文解释为“a state of not having, or not having enough, of something that is needed”举个🌰：
Pregnant women often suffer from iron deficiency.
孕妇常常缺铁。
There was one incident in Luzerne County where a registered Republican reportedly attempted to apply for an absentee ballot in his deceased mother's name, but he didn't make it past the application phase. “This case is more proof our election will be protected by state and local officials alike,” Attorney General Josh Shapiro tweeted in October.
据报道，在路泽恩县（Luzerne County）曾发生过一起事件，一名注册的共和党人试图以其已故母亲的名义申请缺席选举人投票（absentee ballot），但他没有通过申请阶段。“这个案件更加证明我们的选举将受到州和地方官员的保护，”司法部长乔什·夏皮罗（Josh Shapiro）在10月的推特上说。
absentee ballot
absentee本身表示“旷课者；旷工者；缺勤者”（someone who is not at school or work when they should be）；
absentee ballot表示“（无法到达选举现场的人通过邮寄方式所投的）缺席选票，邮寄式选票”，英文解释为“a piece of paper on which people mark their votes and then send them by post when they cannot be present at an election”。
After social media users circulated videos that purportedly showed the names of dead voters in Michigan, The AP contacted one of the people named. She was very much alive and had just beaten her husband at cribbage.
在社交媒体用户广泛传播据称显示了密歇根州（Michigan）已故选民姓名的视频后，美联社联系了名单中一个人。她活得好好的，刚在克里比奇牌戏上赢了她的丈夫。
circulate
circulate有“传播；流传；散布”的含义（if a story, an idea, information, etc. circulates or if you circulate it, it spreads or it is passed from one person to another），举个🌰：
Rumours began to circulate about his financial problems.
有关他财务困难的谣言开始流传开来。
🎬电影《拉瑞·克劳》（Larry Crowne）中的台词提到：If gossip of this nature were to circulate, 如果这种性质的八卦流传开来，
purportedly
表示“据称；声称地，谣传地”，英文解释为“If you say that something has purportedly been done, you mean that you think that it has been done but you cannot be sure.”如：documents that were purportedly smuggled out of China 据称已被偷运到中国境外的文件，举个🌰：
The study purportedly found that men married to smart women live longer.
这些研究声称娶了聪明女人的男人寿命较长。
cribbage
cribbage /ˈkrɪbɪdʒ/ 表示“克里比奇牌戏；一种由2人或4人玩的纸牌戏，先获得一定分数的一组为赢”，英文解释为“a game of cards for two to four, in which players try to win a set number of points before their opponents”。
According to experts, seeing strange birthdates on voter rolls that appear to belong to deceased registrants isn't evidence of voter fraud, and there are multiple reasons why it can occur.
据专家介绍，在选民名册上看到奇怪的出生日期，似乎属于已故的登记人，这并不是选举舞弊的证据，有多种原因会发生（这种情况）。
Tracy Wimmer, a spokesperson for Michigan's secretary of state's office, told The AP that on rare occasions a ballot received from a voter may be recorded as though that person is too old to be alive. This can occur when an incorrect birth year is entered on voter rolls.
密歇根州州务卿办公室发言人特雷西·维默（Tracy Wimmer）告诉美联社，在极少数情况下，从选民那里收到的选票可能会被登记为这个人年纪过大以致不可能还活着。在选民名册上输入错误的出生年份时可能出现这种情况。
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