Farewell to “Life-sized” Ulay｜告别“真实的”乌雷
Ulay (1943-2020, born Frank Uwe Laysiepen) was a conceptual photographer, body artist and film maker, his performances and photographs frequently questioned gender sexuality, earning him a reputation as an innovator and resulting in a series of subversive and acclaimed works. He was once known as being Marina Abramović’s partner and collaborator for twelve years—has died at seventy-six on 2 March, 2020 from complications from lymphatic cancer in Ljubljana, Slovenia.
德国裔艺术家乌雷（1943-2020, 本名 弗兰克·乌维·莱西彭）是一位概念摄影师、行为艺术家和电影制作人。他的行为艺术和摄影作品经常对性别性提出质疑，因此他也赢得了创新者的赞誉并创作了一些具有颠覆性并广受好评的作品。乌雷因曾是艺术家玛丽娜·阿布拉莫维奇长达十二年的伴侣与合作者而广为人知。2020年3月2日他因淋巴癌并发症在斯洛文尼亚的卢布尔雅那市去世，享年76岁。
乌雷FACEBOOK主页截图
Artist Ulay
拍摄者：HEINZ (Einzenberger and Heschl)
https://archive.ica.art/whats-on/culture-now-ulay
Marina Abramović, the celebrated Serbian artist, expressed her sad feeling in the statement released by Marina Abramović Institute on Instagram, “It is with great sadness I learned about my friend and former partner Ulay’s death today. He was an exceptional artist and human being, who will be deeply missed. On this day, it is comforting to know that his art and legacy will live on forever.”
著名的塞尔维亚艺术家玛丽娜·阿布拉莫维奇以Marina Abramović Institute(MAI)的Instagram账号发布了她的悼词：“今天我非常难过地得知我的朋友和曾经的爱人乌雷已离世。他是一位杰出的艺术家，也是一个卓越的人，人们将深切地缅怀他。在这一天，知悉他的艺术和留下的回忆与感动将永垂不朽，这让人略感欣慰。”
玛丽娜·阿布拉莫维奇社交媒体截图
“Ulay was the freest of spirited — a pioneer and provocateur with a radically and historically unique oeuvre, operating at the intersection of photography and the conceptually-oriented approaches of Performance and Body art,” Richard Saltoun, whose gallery represented Ulay, wrote on Instagram.
理查德·索尔顿作为代理乌雷作品的画廊代表，在Instagram上也写下了挽悼的话，”乌雷具有最自由奔放的精神——他是一位先锋和思想挑动者，在摄影和概念导向的行为与身体艺术的交集之处，他创作了激进和独特历史视角的作品。”
The statement released by the Ulay Foundation refers to his innovative work with Polaroid photography and performance art, saying that “ULAY was incomparable. As a human being and as an artist. The gentlest soul, a giver. A pioneer, a provocateur, an activist, a mentor, a colleague, a friend, a father, a husband, family. A seeker of light. A lover of life. A traveler. A fighter. A brilliant thinker, who has been pushing limits and enduring pain. Selfless and fearless, ethical, elegant, witty. He, who has influenced so many.”
乌雷基金会在发布的声明中提到了他在宝丽来摄影和行为艺术方面的卓越成就并表示：“乌雷是无以伦比的存在，无论是作为人还是艺术家而言。他有着最温柔的灵魂，不吝给予。他是先驱者，是开拓人，是活动家，是导师，是同事，是朋友，也是父亲、丈夫和家人。他追寻着光明，热爱生活，享受旅行，保持奋斗。他是睿智的思想者，善于挑战极限，忍受痛苦。他无私而无畏，心存道德、优雅与智慧。他，影响了许多人。”
British magazine Dazed conducted an intimate bedside interview with Ulay in 2019, he talked about his approach to art, “It’s through art that people exchange interpretation and meaning and love…You can be without solid food for 40 days, you can be without water for four days, you can be without air for four minutes, but you can be only four seconds without impressions … that’s why art is so important.”
英国杂志Dazed曾在2019年对乌雷进行了专访，乌雷在访谈中谈到了自己对艺术的理解，“人们通过艺术来交流演绎、意义和爱……如果没有固体食物你可以活40天，如果没有水可以活4天，如果没有空气你可以活4分钟，但是没有感想你就可以活4秒……这就是艺术如此重要的原因。”
乌雷 《马德拉舞》1974
Frank Uwe Laysiepen, known as Ulay, in his 1974 work “Mudras.”Credit Ulay/Richard Saltoun Gallery, London;
Artists Rights Society (ARS), New York/VG Bild-Kunst, Bonn
Retrospecting Ulay's Artistic Career
乌雷艺术生涯回顾
"It takes a long time, perhaps even a lifetime, to understand Ulay."
Marina Abramović
“了解乌雷需要很长的时间，甚至是一生。”
—— 玛丽娜·阿布拉莫维奇
1968-1976：Early period
早期创作
During this period, Ulay undertook a thematic search for understandings of the notions of identity and the body on both the personal and communal levels, mainly through a series of Polaroid photographs, aphorisms, and intimate performances. At that time, Ulay's photographic approach was becoming increasingly performative and resulted in performative photography.
在乌雷创作的早期，他采取主题性探索以了解关于身份以及在个体意义上和公共意义上的身体概念。他主要通过一系列的宝丽来摄影、警句以及私密性的行为艺术来实现。在这一时期，乌雷的摄影方式愈发具有行为性，最终形成了行为性摄影。
1972-1973
Father And Son. The Story of A Million. Master And Servant
《父亲和儿子，仆人和主人：100万的故事》©Schirn Kunsthalle Frankfurt 2016
1973-1974
White Mask 《白色面具》
1972-1975
S’he Series 《S’he 系列》
1972-1975
Renais sense Aphorism
In the late stage of his early work, performative tendencies within the medium of photography were transformed completely into the medium of performance and actions.
在乌雷早期艺术生涯的最后，其在摄影这种媒介的界限内的行为性趋势彻底转变为了行为艺术和行动。
1976
Irritation. There Is a Criminal Touch to Art
《挑衅，对艺术作品的非法接触》
1976-1988：Collobration
合作
Since 1976, Ulay has collaborated with Marina Abramović on numerous performances. Their work focused on questioning perceived masculine and feminine traits and pushing the physical limits of the body.
从1976年起，乌雷与玛丽娜·阿布拉莫维奇一起合作了多个行为艺术项目。他们二人的合作着眼于对男性和女性特质的追问以及穷尽身体极限的尝试。
1977
Light/ Dark《光明/黑暗》
1977
Relation in Time《时间中的关系》
1977
Breathing In/Breathing Out《呼气/吸气》
1977
Imponderabilia《无法衡量》
1978
AAA-AAA
1980
Rest Energy 《潜能》
1988
The Great Wall Walk《情人-长城》
After the break with Marina
决裂后……
After the break with Marina, Ulay focused on photography, addressing the position of the marginalized individual in contemporary society and re-examining the problem of nationalism and its symbols (Berlin Afterimages, 1994-1995). Nevertheless, although he was working primarily in photography, he remained connected to the question of the 'performative'.
与阿布拉莫维奇决裂后，乌雷的创作注意力集中于摄影，其意图强调在当代社会中边缘化的个体以及重新审视民族主义及其符号带来的问题。虽然他在这个时期主要以摄影为主要媒介，但是他对行为性的质询与探究一直贯穿其中。
1991-1992
Can’t Beat the Feeling: Long Playing Record
《无法忽略的感受：密纹唱盘》
Molotov Cocktail (From the series Can't Beat the Feeling—Long Playing Record), 1992
1994
Berlin Afterimages：16 EU Flags
《柏林残像：欧盟旗》
2010 Reunion
重逢
2010
Marina Abramović The Artist Is Present
阿布拉莫维奇 《艺术家在场》
2010. MOMA
Still from the video The Story of Marina Abramovic and Ulay
Recent Days
近期
2011
Project Cancer 癌症计划
In 2009, Ulay moved to live in Ljubljana (Slovenia). When talks and plans on the film were already under way, Ulay was diagnosed with cancer, and all plans for the film were changed. The first scenes were shot in November 2011 at the Ljubljana Institute of Oncology, where Ulay was undergoing chemotherapy treatment. When his health slightly improved, he decided to visit his friends around the world and the camera followed him on this so-called farewell journey: to Berlin for the premiere of Marina's film, then to New York and finally to »his« Amsterdam. Ulay treated his illness as the biggest and most important project of his life, hence the title of the film “Project Cancer".
2009年，乌雷搬到卢布尔雅那(斯洛文尼亚)居住。当他开始讨论并计划电影项目时，他被诊断出患有癌症，因此所有有关电影项目的计划全部改变了。第一幕拍摄于 2011年，彼时乌雷正在卢布尔雅那肿瘤研究所接受化疗。待病痛稍有好转，乌雷决定去拜访世界各地的朋友，他随身带着相机，他将其视作一场告别之旅。乌雷将他的病痛视作这个电影计划中最重要的部分，并以“癌症计划”命名此项目。
Ulay, 2012, copyright Simon Chang
Ulay & director Damjan Kozole, 2012, copyright Simon Chang
2012
Whose water it is
《谁的水》
In recent years, Ulay is mostly engaged in projects and artistic initiatives that raise awareness, enhance understanding and appreciation of, and respect for, water.
近年来，乌雷致力于通过参与、发起艺术项目，来提高对“水”的关注、认识与理解——它值得人们的欣赏与尊敬。
2016
Ulay Portrait 《乌雷肖像》
At the end of 2020, the Stedelijk Museum Amsterdam will present a solo exhibition by the German-Dutch artist Ulay. Let's say farewell to “life-sized” Ulay.
2020年末，乌雷作品的大型回顾展将在阿姆斯特丹市立博物馆（Stedelijk museum）开幕。让我们向“真实的”乌雷告别。
Image from Stedelijk Museum Amsterdam
Translated and edited by Sue and Emily Weimeng Zhou
Photos from Internet courtesy of the creators.
Source References:
1. Marshall. A. The New York Times: Ulay, Boundary-Pushing Performance Artist, Dies at 76.
https://www.nytimes.com/2020/03/02/arts/ulay-dead.html
2. Picheta. R. CNN Style: Performance artist Ulay dies aged 76.
https://edition.cnn.com/style/article/ulay-artist-dead-scli-intl/index.html
3. Bell. E. An Intimate bedside interview with the subversive artist Ulay. https://www.dazeddigital.com/art-photography/article/43456/1/intimate-interview-ulay-bedside-art-performance-marina-abramovic
4. https://www.ulay.si/About-Ulay
5. https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/j1V0EdeKHBa-3hNLUHVmIA
6. https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/vHW4msjQgF1UaSzjkGGgvQ
7. http://www.mbagency.nl/page19/page74/page75/page75.html
8. https://www.artbook.com/9783959051118.html
9. http://thewhynot.de
10. “Life-sized Ulay” referenced from the exhibition "Ulay: Life-sized", SchirnKunsthalle Frankfurt, 2016.
文章标题“真实的乌雷”引用自2016年德国法兰克福西恩美术馆举办的展览《真实乌雷》。
11. Cover Image Source/封面图源：https://www.schirn.de/magazin/kontext/ulay/ulay_polaroid_fotografie/
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