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R绘图模板——中国地图+散点+柱状图！！！
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1、设置工作环境并加载所需R包：
rm(list = ls())setwd('D:/桌面/中国地图+散点+柱状图')#加载包library(tidyverse) # Easily Install and Load the 'Tidyverse'library(sf) # Simple Features for Rlibrary(ggspatial) # Spatial Data Framework for ggplot2library(cowplot) # Streamlined Plot Theme and Plot Annotations for 'ggplot2'2、读取地图数据，直接去阿里云DataV可视化下载地图数据：
map <- read_sf("中华人民共和国.json")3、绘制地图：
#绘制中国地图主体部分ggplot(map)+ geom_sf(color='black',#线条颜色 fill=NA,#填充色 size=0.8)+#地图线条粗细 annotation_scale(location = "bl", width_hint = 0.3) +#添加比例尺并调整位置及长度 annotation_north_arrow(location = "tl", which_north = F, pad_x = unit(0.05, "in"), pad_y = unit(0.05, "in"), style = north_arrow_nautical)+#添加指北针 coord_sf(crs = "+proj=laea +lat_0=40 +lon_0=104")+#坐标参考系统(CRS) #主题设置 theme_bw()+ theme(text = element_text(size = 14,face = "bold"), panel.grid = element_blank(), axis.line = element_blank())+ labs(x='', y='')4、构造散点图数据（随机生成，无实际意义）：
#设置随机数种子，确保结果可以重现set.seed(999)df1 <- data.frame( lon=runif(100, min = 85, max = 120), lat=runif(100, min = 30, max = 41), group=rep(c('1980','2000','2005','2010'),times=c(10,25,25,40)))df2 <- data.frame( lon=runif(40, min = 100, max = 120), lat=runif(40, min = 22, max = 30), group=rep(c('1980','2000','2005','2010'),times=c(10,20,5,5)))df3 <- data.frame( lon=runif(40, min = 120, max = 130), lat=runif(40, min = 41, max = 50), group=rep(c('1980','2000','2005','2010'),times=c(5,15,10,10)))df4 <- data.frame( lon=runif(60, min = 80, max = 90), lat=runif(60, min = 30, max = 45), group=rep(c('1980','2000','2005','2010'),times=c(10,15,25,10)))df <- rbind(df1,df2,df3,df4)#顺便统计出各组的数量data <- data.frame(group=c('1980','2000','2005','2010'), value=c(35,75,65,65))5、绘图：
#绘制子图p <- ggplot(data,aes(group,value,fill=group))+ geom_col()+ scale_fill_manual(values = c("#00c700", "#da0000","#0054da","#6a3d00"))+ theme_classic()+ theme(legend.position = "none", axis.text.x = element_blank(), axis.text.y = element_text(color = "black",size=12), axis.line.x = element_blank(), axis.ticks.x = element_blank(), panel.background = element_blank(), plot.background = element_blank())+ labs(x='', y='')+ scale_y_continuous(expand = c(0,0))p#地图中添加散点图并将柱状图作为子图加入df_st_as_sf <- st_as_sf(df,coords = c("lon", "lat"),crs = 4326)#绘图ggplot(map)+ geom_sf(color='black',fill=NA, size=0.8)+ geom_sf(df_st_as_sf,mapping=aes(color=group),shape=16,size=2.5)+ annotation_scale(location = "bl", width_hint = 0.3) +#添加比例尺并调整位置及长度 annotation_north_arrow(location = "tl", which_north = F, pad_x = unit(0.05, "in"), pad_y = unit(0.05, "in"), style = north_arrow_nautical)+#添加指北针 coord_sf(crs = "+proj=laea +lat_0=40 +lon_0=104")+ theme_bw()+ theme(text = element_text(size = 14,face = "bold"), panel.grid = element_blank(), axis.line = element_blank(), legend.position = c(0.1,0.3), legend.background = element_blank())+ labs(x='', y='',color=NULL)+ scale_color_manual(values = c("#00c700", "#da0000","#0054da","#6a3d00"))+ #柱状图插入，注意，这里需要自己调整坐标以适应地图 annotation_custom(grob=ggplotGrob(p), ymin = 200000, ymax = 1600000, xmin=-1200000, xmax=800000)6、通过cowplot包将南海小地图单独插入：
Chinamap <- ggplot(map)+ geom_sf(color='black',fill=NA,size=0.8)+ geom_sf(df_st_as_sf,mapping=aes(color=group),shape=16,size=2.5)+ annotation_scale(location = "bl", width_hint = 0.3) + annotation_north_arrow(location = "tl", which_north = F, pad_x = unit(0.05, "in"), pad_y = unit(0.05, "in"), style = north_arrow_nautical)+ coord_sf(ylim = c(-2387082,1654989),crs = "+proj=laea +lat_0=40 +lon_0=104")+ theme_bw()+ theme(axis.text = element_text(size = 14,face = "bold",color = "black"), panel.grid = element_blank(), axis.line = element_blank(), legend.position = c(0.1,0.2), legend.background = element_blank())+ labs(x='', y='',color=NULL)+ scale_color_manual(values = c("#00c700", "#da0000","#0054da","#6a3d00"))+ annotation_custom(grob=ggplotGrob(p), ymin = 500000, ymax = 1800000, xmin=-1100000, xmax=800000)Chinamap
nhmap <- ggplot(map)+ geom_sf(color='black',fill=NA,ize=0.8)+ coord_sf(ylim = c(-4028017,-1877844),xlim = c(117131.4,2115095), crs = "+proj=laea +lat_0=40 +lon_0=104")+ theme_bw()+ theme(panel.grid = element_blank(), axis.line = element_blank(), legend.position = c(0.1,0.3), legend.background = element_blank(), axis.text = element_blank(), axis.ticks = element_blank(), plot.background = element_blank(), panel.border = element_rect(linewidth = 1))+ labs(x='', y='')nhmap
##组合图形ggdraw() + draw_plot(Chinamap) + draw_plot(nhmap, x = 0.73, y = 0, width = 0.1, height = 0.3)PS: 以上内容是小编个人学习代码笔记分享，仅供参考学习，欢迎大家一起交流学习。