「Part 14」2020政府工作报告中英文对照注释版

LearnAndRecord 2022-07-26

本笔记由「才思汇·啃报告小分队」出品，特别感谢小伙伴@金小川 的整理。

六、确保实现脱贫攻坚目标，促进农业丰收农民增收

VI. Achieving poverty reduction goals and working for good harvests and growth in rural income

注：

脱贫（攻坚）

poverty reduction

丰收

good harvests

「类似表述对比」

2020年报告：脱贫 poverty alleviation，原句：脱贫攻坚取得决定性成就 Decisive achievements were made in poverty alleviation.

2019年报告：农业再获丰收 harvests were again good.

落实脱贫攻坚和乡村振兴举措，保障重要农产品供给，提高农民生活水平。

We will implement poverty reduction and rural revitalization measures, ensure the supply of important agricultural products, and raise rural living standards.

注：

乡村振兴举措

rural revitalization measures

📍 revitalization作名词，表示“复兴，复苏，新生”；动词revitalize（to revitalize something that has lost its activity or its health means to make it active or healthy）

📍 落实/实施

implement (v.)

implementation (n.)

还可以用observe和enforce

📍 observe表示“遵守，遵从”（to carry out or comply with something such as a law or custom）

📍 enforce表示“执行，实施（法律或规定）”（to make sure that people obey a particular law or rule）

「类似表述对比」

2020年报告Part 2：严格落实中央八项规定精神 (and) strictly observed the central Party leadership’s eight-point decision on improving work conduct.

2019年报告Part 21：认真贯彻落实中央八项规定及其实施细则精神 we will fully enforce the Party Central Committee's eight-point decision on conduct and its rules fo implementation.

坚决打赢脱贫攻坚战。

We will win the fight against poverty.

注：

脱贫攻坚战

the fight against poverty

「类似表述对比」

2020年报告Part 6：坚决打赢脱贫攻坚战，win the battle against poverty,

2016年报告Part 9：坚决打赢脱贫攻坚战，We need to fight hard to win the war against poverty

加大剩余贫困县和贫困村攻坚力度，对外出务工劳动力，要在就业地稳岗就业。

We will channel greater energy into eliminating poverty in all remaining poor counties and villages, and ensure rural migrant workers from these areas have stable jobs in places where they work.

注：

加大力度

channel greater energy

外出务工劳动力

rural migrant workers

剩余（的）

remaining

📍 channel作动词，可以表示“调拨（钱、资源）”（if you channel money or resources into something, you arrange for them to be used for that thing, rather than for a wider range of things.）也可以表示“为…引资；引导；贯注”（to direct money, feelings, ideas, etc. towards a particular thing or purpose）举个🌰：

Money for the project will be channelled through local government.

这个项目的资金将由地方政府提供。

开展消费扶贫行动，支持扶贫产业恢复发展。

We will launch programs to boost the consumption of products from poor areas, and support businesses involved in poverty alleviation in resuming operations.

注：

开展行动

launch programs

消费扶贫

boost the consumption of products from poor areas

扶贫产业

businesses involved in poverty alleviation

（在…方面）支持

support...in...

恢复

resume

📍 resume表示“重新开始；（中断后）继续”（if you resume an activity, or if it resumes, it begins again or continues after an interruption），如：resume traffic 恢复交通。

「类似表述对比」

2020年报告Part 3：resume work and production 复工复产

加强易地扶贫搬迁后续扶持。

Follow-up support will be provided to people relocated from inhospitable areas.

注：

后续扶持

follow-up support

📍 inhospitable表示“不适于居住的；无遮蔽处的，荒凉的”（difficult to stay or live in, especially because there is no shelter from the weather）

「类似表述对比」

2019年报告：精准脱贫有力推进，农村贫困人口减少1386万，易地扶贫搬迁280万人。 Precision poverty alleviation made significant progress, with the rural poor population reduced by 13.86 million, including 2.8 million people assisted through relocation from inhospitable areas.

📍 易地扶贫：易地扶贫是指将生活在缺乏生存条件地区的贫困人口搬迁安置到其他地区，并通过改善安置区的生产生活条件、调整经济结构和拓展增收渠道，帮助搬迁人口逐步脱贫致富。

深化东西部扶贫协作和中央单位定点扶贫。

We will deepen collaboration on poverty alleviation between the eastern and western regions, and intensify assistance to targeted poor areas from central Party and government departments, offices of other political parties, as well as state-owned enterprises, public institutions, and universities under the central government.

注：

深化

deepen / intensify

协作

collaboration (n.) / collaborate (v.)

中央单位

central Party and government departments, offices of other political parties, as well as state-owned enterprises, public institutions, and universities under the central government

📍 central Party (党中央），government departments（政府部门），offices of other political parties（其他党派办公室），state-owned enterprises（国企），public institutions（事业单位），universities under the central government（中央部署大学）

强化兜底保障。

We will work harder to ensure that the basic needs of the poor population are met.

注：

「类似表述对比」

2018年报告：强化民生兜底保障。We will strengthen efforts to meet people's basic living needs.

📍 兜底保障：一项社会保障制度，是“精准扶贫”、“精准脱贫”的重要组成部分。兜底保障工作主要是对于遭受自然灾害、失去劳动能力或其他低收入公民，依法给予物质帮助和服务救助，保障其基本生活的一项基础性的制度安排。（百度百科）

搞好脱贫攻坚普查。

A poverty reduction survey will be conducted nationwide.

注：

脱贫（攻坚）普查

a poverty reduction survey

conduct a survey

进行调查

📍 nationwide 表示“全国性的；遍及全国的；全国范围的”（happening or existing in all parts of a particular country），在翻译“大众创业万众创新”时通常会用nationwide一词来表达“全民/全国”参与的含义，如2020年报告Part 1原句：大众创业万众创新深入开展，企业数量日均净增1万户以上。 Business startups and innovation continued to surge nationwide.

接续推进脱贫与乡村振兴有效衔接，全力让脱贫群众迈向富裕。

We will continue to promote both poverty alleviation and rural revitalization in an all-out effort to help people who have risen out of poverty move toward prosperity.

注：

全力

in an all-out effort

迈向富裕

move toward prosperity

脱贫

rise out of poverty

rise out of = lift out of= get rid of 摆脱

「类似表述对比」

2020年报告Part3：全力救治患者 spare no effort in the treatment of patients

着力抓好农业生产。

We will work to bolster agricultural production.

注：

「类似表述对比」

2019年报告：抓好农业特别是粮食生产 we will improve agriculture, particularly grain production.

2016年报告：继续毫不放松抓好“三农”工作 we will, with as much care and attention as ever, continue focusing on our work related to agriculture, rural areas, and farmers.

📍 bolster表示“改善；加强”（to improve sth or make it stronger），如：to bolster sb's confidence/courage/morale 增加某人的信心/勇气/士气。

稳定粮食播种面积和产量，提高复种指数，提高稻谷最低收购价，

We will keep total crop acreage and grain output stable, raise the multiple cropping index, increase the minimum purchase price of rice,

注：

粮食播种面积

crop acreage

粮食产量

grain output

复种指数

multiple cropping index

稻谷最低收购价

the minimum purchase price of rice

增加产粮大县奖励，大力防治重大病虫害。

give more rewards to major grain-producing counties, and take effective measures to prevent and control major diseases and pests.

注：

产粮大县

major grain-producing counties

大力（做某事）

take effective measures (to do)

防治

prevent and control

重大病虫害

major diseases and pests

「类似表述对比」

2020年报告Part 7：要大力优化财政支出结构 we will work harder to improve the composition of fiscal spending.

2019年报告Part 4：大力优化创新生态 we greatly improved the innovation ecosystem.

2019年报告Part 5：大力推动义务教育教师工资待遇政策落实 we made strong moves to ensure the implementation of policies on pay packages of teachers in compulsory education.

2018年报告：大力发展新兴产业（we have ) made a big push to foster emerging industries.

惩处违法违规侵占耕地行为，

The acquisition of farmland for other purposes in violation of laws and regulations will be penalized.

注：

违法违规

in violation of laws and regulations

侵占耕地

the acquisition of farmland (for other purposes)

📍 acquisition表示“获得，收购”（the act of contracting or assuming or acquiring possession of something）

📍 惩处 penalize (v.)

penalty (n.) 罚款，罚金

penalization (n.) 惩罚，处罚

新建高标准农田8000万亩。

The area of high-standard cropland will be increased by 5.33 million hectares.

注：

高标准农田

high-standard cropland

📍 表数字的“增长”

sth. is increased by... 增长了...

sth. is increased to... 增长到...

📍 hectare 公顷

1公顷=15亩

1亩=0.0666667公顷(ha)

所以8000万亩≈533万公顷 = 5.33 million hectares

深化农村改革。

We will further rural reform.

注：

📍 此处further作动词，表示“促进，增进”（to help sth to develop or be successful）举个🌰：

He took the new job to further his career.

他接受了这项新工作以进一步发展他的事业。

恢复生猪生产。

We will promote a recovery in the production of hogs.

注：

恢复

promote a recovery

生猪生产

the production of hogs

「类似表述对比」

2019年报告：稳定生猪等畜禽生产， We will ensure that the production of hogs and other types of livestock, and poultry, remains stable,

📍 hog表示“（供食用的）大猪”（a large pig that is kept for its meat）

压实“米袋子”省长负责制和“菜篮子”市长负责制。

We will fully implement the system of provincial governors assuming responsibility for the "rice bag" and city mayors for the "vegetable basket."

注：

“米袋子”省长负责制 the system of provincial governors assuming responsibility for the "rice bag" “菜篮子”市长负责制

the system of city mayors assuming responsibility for the "vegetable basket"

省长负责制

provincial governors assuming responsibility

市长负责制

city mayors assuming responsibility

assume responsibility

承担责任

📍 “米袋子”省长负责制：1994年以来，我国实行粮食省长负责制，即所谓“米袋子”省长负责制，规定各省区市的行政首长负责本地区粮食的供需平衡和粮价的相对稳定。实践证明，“米袋子”省长负责制是保障供应、稳定价格行之有效的做法。

14亿中国人的饭碗，我们有能力也务必牢牢端在自己手中。

It is imperative, and it is well within our ability, to ensure the food supply for 1.4 billion Chinese people through our own efforts.

注：

有能力

be well within one's ability

📍 imperative作形容词，表示“必要的；至关重要的”（If it is imperative that sth be done, that thing is extremely important and must be done）

拓展农民就业增收渠道。

We will create more channels for rural residents to find employment and increase their incomes.

注：

农民（农村居民）

rural residents

支持农民就近就业创业，

We will help rural residents seek employment or start businesses in places close to their homes,

注：

就业

seek employment

创业

start businesses

扩大以工代赈规模，让返乡农民工能打工、有收入。

and expand work-relief programs to ensure that those who return to their homes have a job and income.

注：

以工代赈

work-relief programs

📍 以工代赈是指政府投资建设基础设施工程，受赈济者参加工程建设获得劳务报酬，以此取代直接救济的一种扶持政策。现阶段，以工代赈是一项农村扶贫政策。国家安排以工代赈投入建设农村小型基础设施工程，贫困农民参加以工代赈工程建设，获得劳务报酬，直接增加收入。（百度百科）

扶持适度规模经营主体，加强农户社会化服务。

We will support the development of appropriately scaled agricultural operations, and improve commercial services for farmers.

注：

（农业）适度规模经营

appropriately scaled agricultural operations

社会化服务

commercial services

📍 适度规模经营是在一定的适合的环境和适合的社会经济条件下，各生产要素（土地、劳动力、资金、设备、经营管理、信息等）的最优组合和有效运行，取得最佳的经济效益。因土地是农业生产不可替代的生产资料，故农业规模经营在很大程度上指土地规模经营。（百度百科）

增加专项债券投入，支持现代农业设施、饮水安全工程和人居环境整治，

We will invest more funds raised through special bonds to support modern agricultural facilities, safe drinking water projects, and the improvement of living environments.

注：

专项债券

special bonds

现代农业设施

modern agricultural facilities

饮水安全工程

safe drinking water projects

整治

improvement

持续改善农民生产生活条件。

This will promote steady improvements in rural living and working conditions.

注：