今天起，我们一起来啃2021政府工作报告好吗？中英双语笔记「Part 1」

REPORT ON THE WORK OF THE GOVERNMENT

政府工作报告

Delivered at the Fourth Session of the 13th National People's Congress of the People's Republic of China on March 5, 2021

2021年3月5日 在第十三届全国人民代表大会第四次会议上

Premier of the State Council

国务院总理

- ◆ -

各位代表：

Fellow Deputies,

注：

近几年来「各位代表」有两种处理方式，除了2017年报告中译为：Esteemed Deputies，2015年、2016年、2018年、2019年以及2020年报告中均译为：Fellow Deputies.

现在，我代表国务院，向大会报告政府工作，

On behalf of the State Council, I will now report to you on the work of the government,

注：

国务院

the State Council

请予审议，

and I ask for your deliberation and approval of it.

注：

「请予审议」处理为：(ask) for your deliberation and approval；2016年报告中提到：xxx草案提交大会审查，用的是for your review and approval.

📍deliberation /dɪˌlɪbəˈreɪʃən/表示“细想；考虑；商议；审议；讨论”（considering or discussing something），举个🌰：

After six hours of deliberation, he decided to accept their job.

经过6个小时的商议，他决定接受他们的工作。

并请全国政协委员提出意见。

I also ask members of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC) for their comments.

注：

「请...提出意见」

2015年、2016年报告、2018年报告、2019年报告表述较为相似：I (also) invite comments (on my report) from (the) members of ...；2017年报告中译为：I also wish to have comments on my report from the ...；今年和2020年报告则换成：I also ask members of ... for their comments.

中国人民政治协商会议全国委员会

the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC)

📍两会具体是哪两会？

1. 中华人民共和国全国人民代表大会（NPC）

the National People's Congress (NPC) of the People's Republic of China

2. 中国人民政治协商会议（CPPCC）

the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC)

一、2020年工作回顾

I. A review of Our Work in 2020

过去一年，在新中国历史上极不平凡。

Last year was an extraordinary year in the history of the People's Republic of China.

注：

📍extraordinary表示“不平常的；不一般的；非凡的；卓越的”（not normal or ordinary; greater or better than usual），如：an extraordinary achievement 卓越的成就。

面对突如其来的新冠肺炎疫情、世界经济深度衰退等多重严重冲击，

Facing the combined adverse and severe impact of a sudden coronavirus epidemic and a deep global economic recession,

注：

面对...等多重严重冲击

Facing the combined adverse and severe impact of ...

多重-->联合的，加在一起的

combined

突如其来的新冠肺炎疫情

a sudden coronavirus epidemic / the sudden coronavirus pandemic

世界经济深度衰退

a deep global economic recession

📍adverse表示“不利的；有害的；反面的”（negative and unpleasant; not likely to produce a good result），如：adverse weather conditions 恶劣天气。

📍二〇二一年新年贺词中也提到了类似说法：2020年是极不平凡的一年。面对突如其来的新冠肺炎疫情，2020 was an extraordinary year. Facing the sudden coronavirus pandemic, we ...

「类似表述对比」

2020年报告：去年，我国发展面临诸多困难挑战。In pursuing development last year, China faced many difficulties and challenges.

2019年报告：我国发展面临多年少有的国内外复杂严峻形势，...。In pursuing development this year, China faced a complicated and challenging domestic and international environment of a kind rarely seen in many years,

2018年报告：面对极其错综复杂的国内外形势, ...。Facing an extremely complex environment both at home and abroad, ...

2017年报告：过去一年，我国发展面临国内外诸多矛盾叠加、风险隐患交汇的严峻挑战。In the past year, China's development has faced grave challenges posed by a great many problems and interwoven risks and dangers both at home and abroad.

2016年报告：过去一年，我国发展面临多重困难和严峻挑战。In the past year, China has encountered many difficulties and challenges in its development.

2015年报告：过去一年，我国发展面临的国际国内环境复杂严峻。Over the past year, the international and domestic environments faced by China in its development have been complicated and challenging.

在以习近平同志为核心的党中央坚强领导下，全国各族人民顽强拼搏，

we the Chinese people of all ethnic groups, under the strong leadership of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core, responded with tremendous tenacity.

注：

全国各族人民

the Chinese people of all ethnic groups

以...为核心

with ... at one's core

xx同志

Comrade xx

在...坚强领导下

under the firm / strong leadership of ...

党中央

the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China

顽强拼搏

respond with tremendous tenacity

📍「党中央」下文出现另一种说法是the Party Central Committee，还有2019年报告中同样是这一句就处理为firm和the Party Central Committee，原句：Under the firm leadership of the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core,

📍tenacity表示“坚韧；坚毅”（If you have tenacity, you are very determined and do not give up easily.）类似的，二〇二一年新年贺词中提到“顽强不屈的坚守”时，用的也是tenacity，原句：holding posts with tenacity. 其中posts指的是岗位，（坚守）岗位。

疫情防控取得重大战略成果，在全球主要经济体中唯一实现经济正增长，

We achieved major strategic success in our response to Covid-19 and China was the world's only major economy to achieve growth.

注：

取得重大战略成果

achieve major strategic success / make major strategic achievements

疫情防控-->我们对Covid-19的应对

our response to Covid-19

实现经济[正]增长

achieve growth

脱贫攻坚战取得全面胜利，

We attained a complete victory in the fight against poverty,

注：

取得全面胜利

attain a complete victory

决胜全面建成小康社会取得决定性成就，

and we scored decisive achievements in securing a full victory in building a moderately prosperous society in all respects.

注：

取得决定性成就

score decisive achievements

决胜全面建成小康社会

secure a full victory in building a moderately prosperous society in all respects

📍看到这里，很多小伙伴会问，respect是不是写错了应该是aspect，没错，respect作名词，也有“（事物的）方面，细节”的含义（a particular aspect or detail of sth）。

交出一份人民满意、世界瞩目、可以载入史册的答卷。

Indeed, our achievements, which have won the approval of our people and global recognition, will be remembered in history.

注：

人民满意-->(赢得)人民认可/赞成

(win) the approval of our people

可以载入史册

be remembered in history

全年发展主要目标任务较好完成，我国改革开放和社会主义现代化建设又取得新的重大进展。

Our development goals and tasks for the year were accomplished, and major headway has been made in China's reform, opening up, and socialist modernization drive.

注：

全年发展主要目标任务

our development goals and tasks for the year

取得新的重大进展

make major headway

「类似表述对比」

2020年报告：完成全年主要目标任务，accomplishing the year's main targets and tasks,

2019年报告：完成全年经济社会发展主要目标任务，the year's main targets for economic and social development were accomplished,

在艰辛的抗疫历程中，党中央始终坚持人民至上、生命至上，

Throughout this fierce battle against Covid-19, the CPC Central Committee put protecting the people and human life above everything else,

注：

抗疫

the battle against Covid-19

...至上

put ... above everything else

习近平总书记亲自指挥、亲自部署，

with General Secretary Xi Jinping personally taking charge and making response decisions.

注：

总书记

General Secretary

亲自指挥、亲自部署

personally taking charge and making response decisions

各方面持续努力，不断巩固防控成果。

Thanks to the tireless efforts of all of us, our gains in controlling Covid-19 were continuously consolidated.

注：

不断巩固...

... be continuously consolidated

防控成果

gains in controlling Covid-19

我们针对疫情形势变化，及时调整防控策略，

In response to evolving epidemic dynamics, we made well-timed adjustments to our response approaches.

注：

疫情形势变化

evolving epidemic dynamics

及时调整...

make well-timed adjustments to ...

防控策略

response approaches

健全常态化防控机制，有效处置局部地区聚集性疫情，

We improved routine control mechanisms and effectively suppressed several local outbreaks of the epidemic.

注：

健全常态化防控机制

improve routine control mechanisms

局部地区聚集性疫情

several local outbreaks of the epidemic

📍suppress表示“压制；阻止；抑制”（to prevent sth from growing, developing or continuing”）举个🌰：

The virus suppresses the body's immune system.

这种病毒会抑制人体的免疫系统。

最大限度保护了人民生命安全和身体健康，为恢复生产生活秩序创造必要条件。

With these actions, we fully protected the health and safety of the people, and created the conditions for returning to normal life and work.

注：

最大限度保护-->充分地/完全地保护

fully protect

一年来，我们贯彻党中央决策部署，统筹推进疫情防控和经济社会发展，主要做了以下工作。

Last year, we carried out the following work to implement the decisions and plans of the Party Central Committee, and to respond to Covid-19 and advance economic and social development:

注：

贯彻...决策部署

implement the decisions and plans of ...

「类似表述对比」

2019年报告：我们深入贯彻以习近平同志为核心的党中央决策部署，we fully implemented all major policies and plans made by the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core.

一是围绕市场主体的急需制定和实施宏观政策，稳住了经济基本盘。

1. We formulated and implemented macro policies to meet the urgent needs of market entities and kept the fundamentals of the economy stable.

注：

围绕市场主体的急需-->满足市场主体的急需

meet the urgent needs of market entities

制定和实施宏观政策

formulate and implement macro policies

稳住了经济基本盘

keep the fundamentals of the economy stable

「类似表述对比」

2020年报告Part 6：守住“六保”底线，就能稳住经济基本盘；By doing so, we will be able to keep the fundamentals of the economy stable.

2020年报告Part 15：稳住外贸外资基本盘 stabilizing the overall performance of foreign trade and foreign investment

面对历史罕见的冲击，我们在“六稳”工作基础上，

Facing shocks of a severity rarely seen before, based on what we had done to ensure stability on six key fronts,

注：

“六稳”

ensure stability on six key fronts

📍“六稳”分别是：稳就业、稳金融、稳外贸、稳外资、稳投资、稳预期 The six fronts refer to employment, the financial sector, foreign trade, foreign investment, domestic investment, and expectations.

明确提出“六保”任务，特别是保就业保民生保市场主体，

we carried out the task of maintaining security in six key areas—particularly job security, basic living needs, and the operations of market entities.

注：

“六保”

maintain security in six key areas

📍“六保”分别是：保居民就业、保基本民生、保市场主体、保粮食能源安全、保产业链供应链稳定、保基层运转。The six areas refer to job security, basic living needs, operations of market entities, food and energy security, stable industrial and supply chains, and the normal functioning of primary level governments.

以保促稳、稳中求进。

By maintaining security, we were able to deliver stability while also pursuing progress.

注：

稳中求进

deliver stability while also pursuing progress

「类似表述对比」

2020年报告Part 2：坚持稳中求进工作总基调，We followed the general principle of pursuing progress while ensuring stability

立足国情实际，既及时果断又保持定力，坚持不搞“大水漫灌”，

Based on China's realities, we refrained from adopting a deluge of strong stimulus policies but took swift, decisive and well-considered steps,

注：

立足（我国）国情实际

Based on China's realities,

“大水漫灌”

a deluge of strong stimulus policies

及时果断又保持定力

swift, decisive and well-considered

「类似表述对比」

2019年报告Part 3：我们坚持不搞“大水漫灌”式强刺激，we were firm in choosing not to adopt a deluge of strong stimulus policies, (From: LearnAndRecord)

科学把握规模性政策的平衡点。

thus maintaining a desired balance between various macro policies.

注：

把握...平衡点

maintain a balance between ...

注重用改革和创新办法，助企纾困和激发活力并举，

Using approaches of reform and innovation, we eased the difficulties of our enterprises and energized them.

注：

助企纾困（帮助企业缓解困难）

ease the difficulties of our enterprises

「类似表述对比」

2020年报告Part 8：助力市场主体纾困发展 help market entities overcome difficulties and achieve development.

2019年报告Part 4：千方百计帮助解忧纾困 we used every feasible means to help them overcome problems and concerns.

帮助受冲击最直接且量大面广的中小微企业和个体工商户渡难关。

And we helped micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs) and self-employed individuals, which are large in number, extensive in scope and took the most direct hit from Covid-19, weather what was a very tough time.

注：

中小微企业

micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs)

个体工商户

self-employed individuals

量大面广

large in number, extensive in scope

受（疫情）冲击最直接

take the most direct hit from Covid-19

📍weather作动词，熟词僻义，表示“经受住；平安渡过（困境）”，英文解释为“to deal successfully with a difficult situation or a problem”如：weather the storm of objections to the scheme 渡过了反对这个计划的风暴，weather the recession 渡过了衰退期，weather a very tough time 渡过难关。

实施阶段性大规模减税降费，与制度性安排相结合，

By making both time-limited large-scale tax and fee cuts and institutional arrangements,

注：

阶段性大规模

time-limited large-scale

减税降费

tax and fee cuts

全年为市场主体减负超过2.6万亿元，其中减免社保费1.7万亿元。

we reduced the burden on market entities by more than 2.6 trillion yuan for the year, including 1.7 trillion yuan in social insurance premium cuts and exemptions.

注：

减负

reduce the burden

社保费

social insurance premium

减免

cuts and exemptions（名词）

创新宏观政策实施方式，

We adopted new approaches in implementing macro policies.

注：

创新...方式-->采取新的方式

adopt new approaches in

对新增2万亿元中央财政资金建立直达机制，

The central government established a mechanism to directly allocate two trillion yuan of new funding to prefecture- and county-level governments,

注：

市级政府（地级市）

prefecture-level governments

县级政府

county-level governments

市县基层（政府）

prefecture and county governments

📍prefecture表示“（法、意、日等国的）地方行政区域；省；县”（an area of local government in some countries, for example France, Italy and Japan）

「类似表述对比」

2020年报告Part 6：建立特殊转移支付机制，资金直达市县基层、直接惠企利民， a special transfer payment mechanism will be set up to ensure that funds go straight to prefecture and county governments and directly benefit businesses and people. (From: LearnAndRecord)

省级财政加大资金下沉力度，

while provincial-level governments also increased their funding allocations to governments at these levels.

注：

省级政府

provincial-level governments

📍此处governments at these levels指的是上一句提到的：prefecture- and county-level governments 市县级政府。

共同为市县基层落实惠企利民政策及时补充财力。

With these two steps, we provided prefecture- and county-level governments with additional and timely fiscal resources to assist local businesses and residents.

注：

财力

fiscal resources

惠企利民

assist local businesses and residents

支持银行定向增加贷款并降低利率水平，

Banks were given support to increase loans to businesses and lower interest rates in a targeted way.

注：

定向

in a targeted way

降低利率（水平）

lower interest rates

对中小微企业贷款延期还本付息，

MSMEs were allowed to postpone principal and interest repayments on their loans,

注：

延期还本付息

postpone principal and interest repayments

大型商业银行普惠小微企业贷款增长50%以上，

and inclusive finance lending by large commercial banks to micro and small businesses increased by more than 50 percent.

注：

大型商业银行

large commercial banks

普惠小微企业贷款

inclusive finance lending to micro and small businesses

金融系统向实体经济让利1.5万亿元。

The real economy thus received an infusion of 1.5 trillion yuan from financial institutions.

注：

📍infusion表示“输入；灌输”（If there is an infusion of one thing into another, the first thing is added to the other thing and makes it stronger or better.）如：a series of capital infusions 一系列的资本输入。

对大企业复工复产加强“点对点”服务。

Point-to-point transportation services were provided to large enterprises to help them resume operations.

注：

“点对点”服务

point-to-point transportation services

经过艰苦努力，我们率先实现复工复产，

Thanks to all these arduous efforts, China was able to take the lead in reopening its economy.

注：

率先实现复工复产-->重启经济

take the lead in reopening its economy

📍arduous /ˈɑːdjʊəs/ 表示“艰苦的；艰难的”（involving a lot of effort and energy, especially over a period of time），如：an arduous journey across the Andes 翻越安第斯山脉的艰苦之行。

经济恢复好于预期，全年国内生产总值增长2.3%，

With gross domestic product (GDP) for the year growing by 2.3 percent, a better-than-expected recovery was achieved.

注：

国内生产总值

gross domestic product (GDP)

好于预期

better-than-expected

宏观调控积累了新的经验，以合理代价取得较大成效。

We thus not only gained fresh experience in macro regulation, but also delivered the best possible outcome at an acceptable cost.

注：

积累新的经验

gain fresh experience

宏观调控

macro regulation

取得较大成效

deliver the best possible outcome

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